大豆磷素营养研究

经水、土培研究表明，大豆分枝期茎、叶全磷分别低于0.20%、0.44%，可作为植株缺磷诊断指标。磷促进了大豆光合作用，降低呼吸作用及琥珀酸脱氢酶活性。磷主要增加了固氮酶、硝酸还原酶的活性，有利于种子氨基酸、蛋白质的积累，促进了大豆形态建成。水培介质磷达到1.00μmol/g时，导致根部磷成倍滞留；一般磷水平下，叶、荚器官中磷量较高。缺磷或适宜磷浓度处理，大豆磷素利用率最高。成熟期从根部转运到种子中的磷低于叶、荚皮等。基施磷肥，叶面施用硼、钼、钴肥，增加了大豆鼓粒期种子中全磷量。

Study on the Physilogical Function of Phosphorus to Soybean

The result of water culture and soil culture demonstrated that the available effective P in soil less than 0.32mol/g, about 0.20mol/g in aqueous medium marks Pdeficency in medium. At the branching stage, the total amount of P in stem less than 0.20% and in leaves less than 0.44% is Pdeficiency threshold index in soybean plants. Element P can advance the photosynthesis in soybean, reduce the respiration and the activity of succinic dehydrogenate. It can increase the activity of nitrogenase and nitrate reductase and the accumulation of amino acids and proteins in seed. P level reaches to 1mol/g in aquous mdeium, can double the amount of P in roots. P in leaves and pods is the highest. Under the condition of Pdeficiency or suitable P level. the rate of Putiliation is the highest. At the stage of maturing, the amount of P transferred into leaves and pods from roots is higher than that transferred into seeds. Spraying the fertilizer of B, Mo, Co. on leaves and P as basal dressing can increase the amount of P in seeds at the stage of seed development.