氮肥对中筋小麦扬麦10号氮素吸收、产量和品质的调节效应

 研究了基、追氮肥用量对中筋小麦扬麦10号氮素吸收与运转、产量、品质及氮肥利用率的影响。结果表明,随施氮量增加,成熟期植株含氮率和积累量都上升,籽粒蛋白质和湿面筋含量提高,呈极显著线性正相关;植株花前氮积累量与基施氮肥量、花后氮积累量与追施氮肥量呈极显著线性正相关;籽粒氮产量与花前氮积累量、花后氮积累量和花后营养器官氮输出量呈显著或极显著线性正相关,花前氮积累量与施氮量呈极显著线性正相关,花后氮积累量及花后营养器官氮输出量与施氮量呈二次曲线关系;氮肥利用率与施氮量呈极显著二次曲线关系,基、追氮肥平衡施用,氮素

Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on N Absorption,Yield and Quality of Medium-Gluten Wheat Yangmai 10

The effects of nitrogen fertilizer on N absorption, yield, quality and N use efficiency of medium- gluten winter wheat Yangmai 10 were studied from 2000 to 2002. The main results were as follows: Plant N content and accumulated N amount at maturity increased with N application rates. Grain protein content and wet gluten content was significantly correlated with N applied. There was a significantly positive correlation between accumulated N before anthesis (NBA) and basal N fertilizer, and between accumulated N after anthesis (NAA) and top-dressing N. The N accumulated in grains was significantly correlated to NBA, NAA and N translated from vegetative organs after anthesis (NTVA). NBA was significantly correlated with N application rates, but NAA and NTVA had a quadratic curve correlation with the N applied. N fertilizer use efficiency (NUE) had a quadratic curve correlation with the N applied. Under the same N application rate, the NUE was high in the basal: top-dressing N treatment of 5:5. As for the medium-gluten wheat Yangmai 10, there was a scope of N regulation when the applied N amount was less than 266.55kgha-1, and a balance region of yield and quality when N ranged from 266.55kgha-1 to 309.08kgha-1, and a scope of excessive N application when the N application rate was greater than 309.08kgha-1. Under the present experimental condition, total N ranging from 220 to 270kgha-1, basal: top-dressing treatment of 5:5 resulted in a grain yield of more than 6750kgha-1, protein content higher than 12%, wet gluten content more than 30% and NUE greater than 40%.