基于隶属函数分析的甘薯薯苗耐冷性基因型差异研究

【目的】探究甘薯的耐低温机制,明确影响甘薯薯苗耐低温特性的关键因素,为甘薯薯苗耐冷资源鉴定与筛选及耐低温胁迫机制的研究提供理论依据。【方法】选取30个代表性甘薯品种的薯苗,在4℃低温胁迫处理下,测定其生理指标和抗氧化酶活性变化,同时观测甘薯薯苗在低温胁迫下生理特性的变化,利用隶属函数分析,筛选出较耐低温的甘薯品种。【结果】低温胁迫下,不同基因型甘薯薯苗生理指标均有一定差异。与低温胁迫之前相比,所有薯苗相对电导率（ relative electrical conductivity,REC）和脯氨酸含量均有不同程度的增加,苏薯16的相对电导率变化最大,高达40.16%,脯氨酸含量增加最多的是辽薯15,高达3.66 μg·g ^-1FW;丙二醛（malondialdehyde,MDA）、超氧化物歧化酶（superoxide dismutase,SOD）、过氧化物酶（peroxidase,POD）、过氧化氢酶（catalase,CAT）、抗坏血酸过氧化酶（aseorbate peroxidase,APX）呈上升趋势;30个品种薯苗,MDA含量增加变化最大的是苏渝303;所有薯苗SOD活性呈上升趋势,SOD活性增加变化最大的是渝薯17,胁迫前后变化高达27.59 U·g ^-1FW,但宁紫薯1号、商徐紫1号、紫罗兰薯苗处于萎蔫濒死状态,SOD活性变化呈现负值;所有薯苗POD活性呈现上升趋势,POD活性变化最高的是赣10-20,高达29.21 U·(g·min) ^-1,紫罗兰POD含量变化呈现负值;CAT活性上升最大的是红香蕉;APX活性变化呈上升趋势,烟薯25、红香蕉、龙紫薯6号变化最大,普薯32、商薯8号、紫罗兰变化最小;脯氨酸含量增加最多的是辽薯15,高达3.66,是商徐紫1号的5倍。甘薯薯苗生理指标相关性分析可知,相对电导率和MDA含量与薯苗的耐冷性呈负相关,SOD、POD、CAT、APX活性与薯苗耐冷性呈正相关,脯氨酸含量与薯苗耐冷性呈正相关。【结论】在低温胁迫下,薯苗耐冷性由强到弱：龙薯515>赣10-20>南薯010>红香蕉>广薯87>苏薯8号>渝薯17>龙紫薯6号>烟薯25>浙薯13>遗字138>甘薯166-7>秦紫薯2号>徐薯55-2>辽薯19>辽薯15>龙薯14>徐薯22>商薯19>普薯32>宁紫薯2号>龙薯9号>商薯8号>徐紫薯8号>红东>苏薯16>台湾英沟>商徐紫1号>苏渝303>紫罗兰。

Evaluation of Genotype Differences of Cold Tolerance of Sweet Potato Seedlings by Subordinate Function Value Analysis

【Objective】 It is of great significance to explore the low temperature tolerance mechanism of sweet potato seedlings and identify the key factors affecting the low temperature tolerance of the seedlings for evaluation and screening of cold tolerance genetic resources of the seedlings and research on the mechanism of low temperature tolerance of sweet potatoes.【Method】 In order to investigate the cold tolerance of different varieties of sweet potato seedlings, 30 varieties of sweet potato seedlings were selected and tested under low temperature conditions of 4℃ in this study, their physiological indexes and antioxidant enzyme indexes were measured so as to observe the effects of low temperature stress on physiological characteristics of sweet potato seedlings. The low temperature tolerant sweet potato varieties were screened by the subordinate function analysis of the physiological characteristics of sweet potato seedlings.【Result】 Great difference of the physiological indexes of 30 different genotypes of sweet potato seedlings were found under low temperature stress. After low temperature stress the relative electrical conductivity and proline contents of all sweet potato seedlings were increased to different extents. The relative conductivity of Sushu 16 changed the most, up to 40.16%, and the most increased proline content was Liaoshu 15 up to 3.66 μg·g ^-1 FW; malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) showed an upward trend; among the 30 varieties of potato seedlings, the most significant change in MDA content was Suyu 303; the SOD activity of all sweet potato seedlings increased, and the most variable SOD activity was Yushu 17. The change before and after stress was as high as 27.59 U·g ^-1 FW, but Ningzishu 1, Shangxuzi 1 and Ziluolan seedlings were in a state of wilting and death, and the change of SOD activity showed a negative value; the POD activity of all potato seedlings showed an upward trend. The highest change in POD activity was Gan 10-20, up to 29.21 U·(g·min) ^-1, and the change of POD content in Ziluolan was negative; the highest increase in CAT activity was Hongxiangjiao; The change of APX activity showed an upward trend, and the potato 25, Hongxiangjiao and Longzishu 6 greatest change, Pu 32, Shangshu 8, Ziluolan the minimum change; proline content is increased up to Liao 15, up to 3.66, It is 1.5 times that of Shangxuzi 1. Correlation analysis of physiological indexes of sweet potato seedlings showed that relative conductivity and MDA content were negatively correlated with cold tolerance of sweet potato seedlings. SOD, POD, CAT and APX activities were positively correlated with cold tolerance of sweet potato seedlings, proline content and cold tolerance of sweet potato seedlings. Sexuality is positively correlated.【Conclusion】 Comprehensive conductivity and antioxidant enzymes and proline indicators, according to membership function analysis. Different varieties of sweet potatoes were different in low temperature resistance. At the temperature of 4℃, the order of low temperature resistance of all sweet potatoes was: Longshu515>Gan10-20>Nanshu010>Hongxiangjiao>Guangshu87>Sushu8>Yushu17>Longzishu6>Yanshu25>Zheshu13>Yizhi138>Sweet potato 166-7>Qingzishu2>Xushu55-2>Liaoshu19>Liaoshu15>Longshu14>Xushu22>Shangshu19>Pushu32>Ningzishu2>Longshu9>Shangshu8>Xuzishu8>Hongdong>Sushu16>Taiwanyingou>Shangxuzishu1>Suyu303>Ziluolan.