水稻潜伏芽生长和穗分化形成规律及其应用的研究

 1986-1987年在扬州对7个水稻品种茎秆上的潜伏芽幼穗分化进程和生长进行了观察，结果如下：⒈潜伏芽幼穗分化始期是在前季稻颖花分化期到雌雄蕊分化期；前季稻抽穗期，母茎中部或偏上部节上潜伏芽幼穗分化已达颖花分化期，基部节上的潜伏芽为一次枝梗分化期，少数为苞分化期；前季稻抽穗到成熟，潜伏芽穗分化进程为休眠状态，幼穗发育处于一次枝梗到颖花分化期。⒉水稻潜伏芽的发生率，依据品种母茎茎秆各节潜伏芽发生率的差异，可把品种分为低节位型、高节位型和全节位型。⒊在前季稻收割前7-10天施氮肥，可促进潜伏芽出苗，提高再生稻的每穗粒数和穗重。

STUDIES ON THE GROWTH AND PANICLE DIFFERENTIATION OF RESTING BUD AND ITS APPLICATION IN RICE PLANTS

The observation on the growth and panicle differentiation of resting buds on the stem of seven varieties was carried out in Yangzhou in 1986 and 1987. The results were summarized as follows:1. The initiation of resting bud panicle was in from differentiating stage of pistil and stamens to pollen mother cell differentiation stage.2. In the heading stage of first crop. the resting bud panicle differentiation on the middle or upper nod positions had entered the differentiating stage of spikelet primordia, while those on the lower nod positions was in the stage of first rachis-branches, a few was in the initiation.3. From heading to harvesting in first crop, the resting bud panicle differentiation was in the state of dormancy, and the panicle development was in from the stage of first rachis-branches to the differentiating stage of spikelet primordia.4. According to the generation rate of resting buds on stems, all of varieties could be divided into lower nod positions type, upper nod positions type, and whole nod positions type, etc.5. In the 7-10 days before harvesting of first crop, dressing nitrogen fertilizer could promote the generation of resting buds, and improve the grain number and weight per ear.