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间作芳香植物对沙地梨园土壤微生物数量与土壤养分的影响
引用本文:吴红英,孔云,姚允聪,毕宁宁,亓丽萍,付占国.间作芳香植物对沙地梨园土壤微生物数量与土壤养分的影响[J].中国农业科学,2010,43(1):140-150.
作者姓名:吴红英  孔云  姚允聪  毕宁宁  亓丽萍  付占国
作者单位:(北京农学院植物科学技术系)
基金项目:国家科技支撑重大项目,北京市科学技术重大项目,北京市农业科技项目 
摘    要:【目的】探讨间作芳香植物对梨园土壤微生物数量和土壤养分的影响。【方法】以沙地梨园间作香矢车菊、香薄荷、香荆芥、藿香蓟和柠檬罗勒为处理,自然生草为对照,分别于梨树幼果期、果实膨大期和果实成熟期,测定分析不同土层土壤中微生物的数量和土壤养分的含量及其相互关系。【结果】梨园间作香矢车菊和柠檬罗勒较对照显著提高各个发育时期和各土层中土壤微生物的数量,调节土壤微生物群落中真菌、细菌、放线菌的比例。和对照相比,其它处理对各发育时期和各土层中土壤微生物数量和比例的影响呈现出多态效应。不同处理条件下梨树果实膨大期和果实成熟期各土层中微生物数量都高于幼果期,而且土壤微生物群落中真菌、细菌和放线菌的比例优于幼果期;不同处理条件下梨园0—20cm土层内土壤微生物数量显著高于20—40cm土层。各处理和对照相比对土壤养分的效果呈现多种差异;随着梨树发育时期变化,土壤养分含量在不同处理条件下和梨园不同土层中的变化趋势不同。相关分析表明,在沙地梨园间作芳香植物条件下,土壤中各类微生物的数量与土壤养分诸元素间也存在着多种显著的相关关系。【结论】间作芳香植物对于沙地梨园土壤微生物数量及其群落中真菌、细菌和放线菌的比例与土壤中有效态养分含量具有良好的调节作用,其中柠檬罗勒对提高梨园土壤微生物数量、土壤养分含量的综合效果最佳。

关 键 词:梨树  间作  芳香植物  土壤微生物数量  土壤养分
收稿时间:2009-03-23;

Effects of Intercropping Aromatic Plants on Soil Microbial Quantity and Soil Nutrients in Pear Orchard
WU Hong-ying,KONG Yun,YAO Yun-cong,BI Ning-ning,QI Li-ping,FU Zhan-guo.Effects of Intercropping Aromatic Plants on Soil Microbial Quantity and Soil Nutrients in Pear Orchard[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2010,43(1):140-150.
Authors:WU Hong-ying  KONG Yun  YAO Yun-cong  BI Ning-ning  QI Li-ping  FU Zhan-guo
Institution:WU Hong-ying1,KONG Yun1,YAO Yun-cong1,BI Ning-ning2,QI Li-ping3,FU Zhan-guo3 (1Department of Plant Science , Technology,Beijing University of Agriculture,Beijing 102206,2Shunyi District Forestry Bureau,Beijing 101300,3Daxing District Forestry Bureau,Beijing 102600)
Abstract:Objective]This paper was aimed to discuss the effects of intercropping aromadc plants on the microbial quantity and nutrients in sand soil in pear orchard.Method]Intercropping Centaurea cyanus,Saturela hortensis L,Nepeta cataria,Agerarum houstonianum and Ocimum basilicum L were used as experimental treatments and natural grass was used as control to study the soil microbial quantity,the content of the soil nutrients,as well as the relationship among them during their young fruit period,fruit enlargement period,and fruit maturity period,respectively.Result]Compared with the control,intercropping Centaurea cyanus and Ocimum basilicum L increased the microbial quantity significantly in different developing periods and at each soil layer,as well as regulated the ratio of the soil fungi,bacteria and actinomyees in soil microbial community.Intercropping aromatic plants also showed different effects on microbial quantity and ratio.The soil microbial quantity under different treatments was more than that in young fruit period,and the ratio among the fungi,bacteria and actinomyees in fruit enlargement and maturity periods was more favorable than the latter in different layers.The microbial quantity was much higher at layer of 0-20 cm than that of 20-40 cm under different treatments.Compared with the control.all treatments showed different effects on soil nutrient.The content of the soil nutrients under different treatments showed various trends with the change of developing period.The correlation analysis showed that there were multiple significant positive correlations between microbial quantity and the content of soil nutrients with aromatic plants intercropping in sand soil in pear orchard. Conclusion] From analysis it could be seen that intercropping aromatic plants in sand soil in pear orchard had good regulatory effects on the soil microbial quantity,the ratio of the soil fungi,bacteria and actinomyees in soil microbial community and the soil available nutrients,among which,intercropping Ocimum basilicum L on the soil microbial quantity and content of the soil nutrients was better than other treatments.
Keywords:pear trees  intercropping  aromatic plants  soil microbial quantity  soil nutrients
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