兼抗两虫两病的棉花种质系中99的选育研究

 陆地棉（Gossypium hirsutum L.）中99种质系采用复合杂交、早代多年多点鉴定和连续定向选择等技术育成。它具有突出的兼抗棉蚜（Aphis gossypii）、棉红铃虫（Pectinophora gossypiella）和枯萎病（Fusarium vasinfectum）、黄萎病（Verticillium dahliae Kleb.）的特性。1985年以来综合鉴定结果，蚜害指数比抗棉蚜对照非洲E40和生产对照中棉12、73-27等平均减少25%左右，达高抗水平；棉红铃虫籽害率比生产对照鄂荆1号等平均减少25.4%达高抗至中抗水平；枯萎病指平均3.4，黄萎病指17.1，低于或相当于推广抗病品种。各级试验及生产试种结果表明，皮棉产量和综合农艺性状与推广品种中棉12接近。其抗虫机制在于形态和生化两个方面因素。遗传分析表明，其抗性遗传是稳定的。中99作为兼抗两虫两病种质系具有较高的研究和利用价值，利用其作亲本已选育出若干抗病虫和综合农艺性状优良的品系。

BREEDING STUPIES ON UPLAND COTTON GERMPLASM ZHONG 99 RESISTANCE TO INSECTS (APHIS GOSSYPII AND PECTINOPHORA GOSSYPIELLA) AND DISEASES(FUSARIUM VASINFECTUM AND VERTICILLIUM DAHLIAE KLEB.)

The germplasm Zhong 99 was bred by multiple cross, repeated certifications and continuous selection techniques, possessing significant resistance to two insects (Aphis gossypii and pectino phora gossypiella) and two diseases (Fusarium vasinfectum and Verticillium dahliae Kleb.).Since 1985 the certification results hove reviewed that the average aphid damage index is 25% lower than those of resistant check Africa E40 and production checks Zhongmian 12 and 73-27, up to a high resistant level.The cotton seed damage ratio of pink bollworm in Zhong 99 reduced 25.4% compared with general vavieties, possessing a high to middle resistant levels. The fusarium wilt and verticillium wilt indexes averaged 3.4% and 17.1% respectively. Different tests and production results confirm that the fibre yield and other economic characters of Zhong 99 are adjacent to those of Zhongmian 12. The results of insect resistances and their genetic stabilities review that germplasm line Zhong 99 has great values in breeding and basic studies. Some valuable strnins have been obtained by using Zhong 99 as one of the parents. The successful breeding of germplasm Zhong 99 has reached an advanced level in this research field at home and abroad.