猪小肠抗菌肽对雏鸡的促生长作用及其机理初探

【目的】测定猪小肠抗菌肽对雏鸡生长指标的影响，在结构上初步探讨猪小肠抗菌肽促进雏鸡生长发育的机理。【方法】选择体重基本一致的雏鸡60只，随机平均分为2组。试验组，在7、14、21、28、35、42日龄每只雏鸡分别肌肉注射猪小肠抗菌肽0.1ml（100 μg·ml-1）；对照组，在相应日龄每只雏鸡分别肌肉注射灭菌生理用水0.1ml，在相同饲养条件下进行6周试验。在7日龄和49日龄，采用组织切片检测鸡十二指肠和空肠的绒毛长度、隐窝深度和黏膜厚度。【结果】试验组雏鸡平均日耗料量（29.82±1.05）g，对照组雏鸡平均日耗料量（28.85±0.79）g，二者无差异（P>0.05）；试验组雏鸡平均日增重为（13.54±0.20）g，对照组雏鸡平均日增重为（11.10±0.19）g，二者差异极显著（P<0.01）；试验组料重比为2.27±0.04，对照组料重比为2.60±0.05，二者差异极显著（P <0.01）。在49日龄，试验组鸡十二指肠和空肠绒毛长度及其绒毛长度/隐窝深度比值（V/C）高于对照组鸡，二者差异显著（P<0.05），试验组鸡十二指肠和空肠黏膜厚度与对照组鸡相比，差异不显著（P>0.05）。【结论】猪小肠抗菌肽可改善鸡十二指肠和空肠的结构，提高雏鸡生长速度和饲料转化率。

Effect of Antibacterial Peptide Extracted from Pig Small Intestine on Growth-Enhancing and Approach to the Mechanism in Chickens

【Objective】 To study the effect of antibacterial peptide extracted from pig small intestine on the growth performance and growth mechanisms in chickens. 【Method】Sixty 7-day-old chickens with similar weight body were separated into experimental and control groups at random. One-tenth ml (100 μg·ml-1) of antibacterial peptide (ABP) was administered intramuscularly into each experimental group chicken at the age of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, 42 days, One-tenth ml of sterile saline into control group's chicken at the same age, respectively. Two groups of chickens were fed under the same conditions for 6 weeks. The villus length, mucosa thickness and villus/crypt (V/C) value of duodenum and jejunum were determined at the age of 7, 49 days, respectively. 【Result】 The average daily weight gain of the experimental group chickens (13.54±0.20) g was significantly higher than that of the control group chickens (11.10±0.19) g (P<0.01), and the feed/weight-gain ratio of the experimental group chickens (2.27±0.04) was significantly lower than that of the control group chickens (2.60±0.05) (P<0.01). The villus length and V/C value of duodenum and jejunum of the experimental group chickens were higher than those of the control group chickens at the age of 49 days (P<0.05). The mucosa thickness of duodenum and jejunum of experimental group was of no significant difference compared with the control group (P>0.05).【Conclusion】The antibacterial peptides could improve the structure of duodenum and jejunum and enhance the growth performance and feed conversion ratio.