白菜-辣椒轮作中磷肥的产量效应及土壤磷积累研究

 采用田间肥料定位试验研究了白菜—辣椒轮作中磷肥在蔬菜上的产量效应、土壤中磷的积累状况及磷肥的经济安全用量等。结果表明，施用磷肥显著增加了白菜和辣椒的产量，磷肥在白菜和辣椒上的产量效应符合二次式＋平台模式，磷肥在白菜和辣椒上最高产量用量为186.71 kg?hm-2, 339.00 kg?hm-2。随磷用量的增加白菜和辣椒的植株全磷量、0～20cm土壤全磷及Olsen-P均显著增加，大量施用磷肥导致蔬菜对磷的奢侈吸收。磷肥在白菜和辣椒上的经济安全用量不宜超过112.5 kg?hm-2和225.0 kg?hm-2。连续2茬施用P 450.0 kg?hm-2、675.0 kg?hm-2的土壤上种植白菜，施用磷肥无显著增产效应。

The Yield Response of Vegetable to Phosphate Fertilizer and Soil Phosphorus Accumulation in a Chinese Cabbage-capsicum Rotation

The yield response of Chinese cabbage and capsicum to phosphorus fertilizer was studied by field location experiment. The status of residual phosphorus and the content of total phosphorus in vegetables were also investigated under different dose of applying of phosphorus fertilizer. The safe and economic dose of P fertilizer were recommended based on the regression equation and the status of residual phosphorus in the soils for two years’ field fertilizer experiment. The results showed that the yield of Chinese cabbage and capsicum was increased significantly by applying phosphorus. The model of Quadratic+ plateau could express the yield response of Chinese cabbage and capsicum to phosphorus fertilizer. The highest yield of Chinese cabbage and capsicum were calculated according to the regression equation were 186.71kg?hm-2, 339.00 kg?hm-2 respectively. The content of total phosphorus of Chinese cabbage and capsicum, total phosphorus and Olsen-P in the profile of 0～20cm soil were increased gradually accompanying with the increase of P fertilizer application. Phosphorus was absorbed luxuriously with applying high level phosphorus fertilizer. The economic and safe phosphorus dose was 112.5 kg?hm-2 in Chinese cabbage and 225.0 kg?hm-2 in capsicum. Applying P 450.00 kg?hm-2, 675.00 kg?hm-2 for 2 times, did not increase the yield of Chinese cabbage.