用SSR标记比较亚洲栽培稻与普通野生稻的遗传多样性

 用 30对SSR引物比较了 5 2份不同生态型的栽培稻和 34份不同省 (区 )的普通野生稻 (简称CWR)的遗传多样性 ,发现在 2 84条多态性带中 ,有栽培稻特异带 15条 (5 .2 % ) ,普通野生稻特异带 117条 (41.2 % ) ,栽培稻与普通野生稻的差异主要来自野生稻。栽培稻和普通野生稻的平均基因多样性分别为 0 .6 7和 0 .9,每一位点在栽培稻中的等位基因平均为 5 .3,而在野生稻中平均为 9.6 ,栽培稻中的等位基因数仅为野生稻的 6 2 % ;野生稻材料间的平均遗传距离为 0 .80 11,远大于栽培稻品种之间的 0 .6 6 0 3,说明野生稻的遗传多样性大于栽培稻。此外 ,籼稻品种与粳稻品种之间的平均遗传距离也明显大于籼、粳亚种内品种间的遗传距离 ,表明籼粳分化是亚洲栽培稻遗传分化的主流。聚类分析结果表明 ,SSR标记既能较好地将栽培稻与野生稻分开 ,又能较好地进行籼粳稻的分类。

Comparison of the Genetic Diversity of Common Wild Rice and Cultivated Rice Using SSR Markers

Thirty SSR primers were used to evaluate the genetic diversity of 52 entries of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.) and 34 accessions of common wild rice (CWR, O. rufipogon Griff.). A comparison of the two parameters of the average genetic multiplicity (Hs) and the average number of alleles per locus indicated that the genetic diversity of CWR is obviously higher than that of cultivated rice. At the 30 loci investigated, the number of alleles of cultivated rice is only about 62% of that of CWR. The average genetic distance (0.8011) within CWR is obviously higher than that (0.6603) of cultivated rice. In addition, the genetic distance between indica and japonica varieties is also higher than that within indica or japonica. And this indicated that the indica japonica differentiation is the main trend of cultivated rice detected by SSR markers.