生物去硅化作用对提高稻草降解率的处理效果探讨

 【目的与方法】通过比较植物源性提取液AgroGreen? (AG)和酵母培养提取物Yeast Extract?(YE)两种生物制剂，以及Agaricus blazei(A.b)和Volvariella volvacea(V.v)两种微贮处理，探讨其提高硅溶解率和硅质-木质化结构物转化率，促进稻草纤维降解利用的生物处理效果。【结果】AG与YE制剂对提高稻草硅化物溶解程度没有明显效果；AG的试验浓度对瘤胃微生物生长有抑制作用，而YE制剂对微生物的营养效果，在预处理中可促进稻草腐生菌群对纤维组分的降解(P＜0.05)，但直接利用则降低瘤胃微生物对稻草的降解率。A.b和V.v的微贮处理，分别提高稻草硅溶解率54.8%和58.9%，促进硅质-木质化结构的降解转化，酚类物含量分别降低86.4%和79.7%；酚类物中，黄酮醇比例分别从49%提高到73%和80%，苯甲酸和羟基苯丙烯酸比例则分别从51%降低到27%和20%。【结论】AG与YE制剂对提高稻草硅化物溶解程度没有明显效果；A.b和V.v的微贮处理，对改善稻草降解品质起到了促进作用。

Effects of Bio-Treatments on Desilicification for Improving Rice Straw Degradability

【Objective & method】The focused effects of bio-treatments on desilicification and delignification for improving rice straw degradability were studied by comparing two bio-products of AgroGreen? (AG) and Yeast Extract? (YE), two microbial pre-culture of Agaricus blazei (A.b) and Volvariella volvacea (V.v). 【Results】Results showed that AG and YE were proved no effect on desilicification. The concentration of AG used indicated an inhibition to the growing of rumen microorganisms. However, YE enhanced straw degradability (P<0.05) by pre-treatment but lowed the degradation of straw by directly adding to nurturing ruminal microbe. By pre-culture of A.b and V.v, this increased Si-extractability by about 54.8% and 58.9%, reduced total phenolic components by about 86.4% and 79.7%, respectively. Among phenolic monomers, the proportion of flavonol was increased from 49% to 73% and 80%, but the proportion of rest was reduced from 39% to 18% and 12% for benzoic acids, and from 12% to 9% and 8% for hydroxycinnamic acids, respectively. 【Conclusion】AG and YE were proved no effect on desilicification, and the pre-culture of A.b and V.v had improved the degradation quality of treated rice straw.