喷施ABA对小麦籽粒谷蛋白组分含量及GMP粒度分布的影响

【目的】探讨喷施外源激素ABA引起小麦籽粒谷蛋白组分及谷蛋白大聚合体(glutenin macro-polymer,GMP)粒度分布的变化,为激素调控改善小麦籽粒品质提供理论依据。【方法】以冬小麦品种山农8355和山农15为试验材料,通过大田试验研究喷施外源ABA对小麦籽粒谷蛋白组分含量及GMP粒度分布的影响。【结果】在孕穗末期和籽粒形成期喷施ABA(浓度12 mg.kg-1,用量45 mL.m-2)均能提高籽粒粗蛋白及谷蛋白含量,同时,籽粒中高、低分子量不溶性谷蛋白含量均有所增加。特别是在孕穗期喷施ABA,山农8355和山农15两品种籽粒中高、低分子量不溶性谷蛋白含量与对照相比均达到显著水平,但喷施ABA对籽粒中可溶性谷蛋白含量影响相对较小。不论是孕穗期还是籽粒形成期喷施ABA均能增加GMP含量与产量,并改变籽粒中GMP的粒度分布,尤其是对其体积及表面积分布影响相对较大。相关分析表明,高、低分子量不溶性谷蛋白、GMP含量及GMP/Pr.比值均与GMP小颗粒(d15 um)粒度分布呈现负相关,与大颗粒(d≥15 um)粒度分布的关系呈正相关。【结论】喷施外源ABA可以改变籽粒中谷蛋白组分及GMP粒度分布,从而影响小麦籽粒品质。

Effects of Spraying ABA on Glutenin Fraction Content and GMP Size Distribution in Wheat Grain

【Objective】 In order to improve nutrient quality of wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), the glutenin fraction content and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) changes of wheat grain were investigated after spraying ABA, as glutenin fraction content and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) play key roles in grain quality of wheat. 【Method】 The changes of glutenin fraction content and GMP size distribution were analyzed and the effects of ABA treatments on the glutenin fraction content and GMP size distribution in grains of two wheat cultivars, Shannong 8355 and Shannong 15, which had high grain yields in fields, were evaluated. 【Result】 The results showed that the protein content and glutenin content of wheat grain were improved after spraying ABA(12 mg&#8226;kg-1, 45 mL&#8226;m-2)at late booting stage and grain formation stage, the contents of HMW or LMW-insoluble glutenin in both of the two cultivars were also increased at the same time and reached a significant level when compared with the CK, but spraying ABA at the late booting stage, the grain soluble glutenin content was less affected. The GMP content and yield were increased and the particle size distribution of GMP were changed by spraying ABA, but the performance was different in different cultivars and treatments. Correlation analysis showed that HMW-insoluble glutenin content, LMW-insoluble glutenin content, GMP content and GMP/Pr. had a negative correlation with small particle size (d <15 um) distribution of GMP. 【Conclusion】 ABA could regulate the glutenin fraction content and glutenin macropolymer (GMP) size distribution and improve nutrient quality of wheat.