植被及土壤对西藏飞蝗产卵的影响

【目的】探索植被及土壤的理化性质对西藏飞蝗（Locusta migratoria tibetensis Chen）产卵量及产卵分布的影响。【方法】采用室外及室内笼罩模拟法，利用三因子二次回归通用旋转组合设计构建西藏飞蝗产卵选择模型。【结果】西藏飞蝗对不同植被的土壤有产卵选择性，其中草地和青稞地的产卵量最大（分别为36.03%和21.20%）。土壤的理化性质能显著影响西藏飞蝗对产卵地的选择，其中含盐量、含水量和pH值影响最大。单因素分析表明在试验设置的含盐量区间内选择产卵量随含盐量的增加而急剧减少，而含水量和pH值各有一最适值。双因素分析表明3个因素之间有一定的互作影响，其中含盐量的影响最大。统计频率优化法得出最适宜产卵的土壤综合指标为含盐量0.08%—0.12%、含水量2.91%—3.75%、pH 7.35—7.65。【结论】西藏飞蝗在不同的植被上生活，其产卵量差异显著。土壤含盐量、含水量和pH值显著影响西藏飞蝗产卵选择性。

Effect of Vegetation and Soil on Oviposition of Locusta migratoria tibetensis Chen

【Objective】 The objective of this study is to explore the effect of vegetation and soil physical and chemical properties on fecundity and oviposition distribution of Locusta migratoria tibetensis Chen.【Method】Three-factor quadratic regression general rotary combination experimental design was used to construct oviposition preference model of L.migratoria tibetensis by using the caging simulation method in laboratory and field.【Result】 L.migratoria tibetensis had oviposition preference on different land soils,and had the highest fecundity in the grassland and barley field(36.03% and 21.20%,respectively).The soil physical and chemical properties had significant effects on oviposition preference.The salt content,water content and pH value had a great effect on oviposition preference.Single factor analysis showed that the fecundity decreased rapidly as the salt content increased in salt content intervals,but the water content and pH value had the optimum value.Double factor analysis showed that the salt content,water content and pH value had interactive effects,and the effect of salt content was the highest.The optimum oviposition soil integrated indictors were found with salt content 0.08%-0.12%,water content 2.91%-3.75% and pH value 7.35-7.65.【Conclusion】L.migratoria tibetensis had a significant difference in fecundity on different vegetations.The salt content,water content and pH value in soil had obvious effects on the oviposition preference of L.migratoria tibetensi.