利用SSR标记进行家蚕引进品种资源的指纹图谱分析

用35个SSR标记研究了96个家蚕品种资源的指纹图谱，包括包括47个欧洲系统一化性品种，13个日本系统一化性品种和1个日本系统二化性品种；以及35个中国系统二化性品种的指纹图谱。这些SSR标记在家蚕品种间表现出丰富的多态性，等位基因数量在3~28个，平均为13.34个，多态性指数（PIC）在0.299~0.919，平均0.71。根据各品种的指纹图谱，用Nei（1978）的方法计算了各品种间的遗传距离，最大为0.1983，最小为0.0641，并用UPGMA方法进行了聚类，得到的分子系统图与传统意义上的形态分类方法接近但存在一些微小的差异。根据遗传分析结果，探讨了家蚕的起源与进化关系。我们的研究表明，SSR标记非常适合于进行品种资源的指纹图谱分析和分子标记辅助育种的一种标记。

Analysis of SSR Fingerprints in Part of the Silkworm Germplasm Resources

35 SSR markers were used to construct 96 silkworm races fingerprints, including 47 European monovoltine races, 13 Japanese monovoltine races, 1 Japanese bivoltine races and 35 Chinese bivoltine races. All of the SSR markers were polymorphic and unambiguously separated silkworm strains from each other. A total of 467 alleles were detected with a mean value of 13.34 alleles/locus (range 3-28). The mean polymorphism index content (PIC) was 0.71 (range 0.299-0.919). UPGMA cluster analysis of Nei’s genetic distance grouped silkworm strains based on their origin. The results indicated that SSR markers are an efficient tool for fingerprinting cultivars and conducting genetic-diversity studies in the silkworm.