社会经济因素对农户作物选择的影响机制——以黑龙江省宾县为例

【目的】探讨社会经济因素对农户农作物选择的影响机制，为优化农作物结构调整与制定政策提供依据。【方法】本研究对黑龙江省宾县384个农户进行随机调查，采用频率分析法，从生产要素投入、作物纯收益、作物出售情况、农业生产技术推广及农业政策等5个方面，探讨其对农户种地积极性以及农作物选择的影响。【结果】作物纯收益的提高、新品种与新技术的推广以及农业补贴与引导政策在较大程度上能够提高种地积极性。而在农户作物选择方面，主要受作物纯收益影响，其次为农业补贴与引导政策。【结论】为进一步促进东北地区未来的种植业发展，研究区应从增加基础设施投入、提高粮食作物收购价格、提供稳定收购渠道、加强农业科技投入力度和拓展服务内容等方面调动农户种地积极性、优化农作物结构，并提高农民收入水平。

Impact Mechanism of Socio-Economic Factors on the Crop Choices of Households in Northeast China—A Case Study in Binxian County of Heilongjiang Province

【Objective】 The objective of this research is to explore the impact mechanisms of socio-economic factors on the crops choices of households, and to provide a basis for optimization of cropping structure and policy-making. 【Method】 Taking Binxian County in Heilongjiang province as the study area, this study randomly conducted face-to-face interviews on 384 households, and used statistical frequency method provided by SPSS software to investigate the impacts of socio-economic factors including production inputs, net income of crops, crop sale, agriculture technology popularization and agricultural policy on the farming initiative and crop choice. 【Result】 The results showed that to a greater extent, increase of crops net income, the promotion of new varieties and new technologies as well as agricultural subsidies and guidance policies, can greatly promote the farming initiative. Crop net income is the primary factor affecting farmer’s crop choices, followed by agricultural subsidies and guide policy. 【Conclusion】Several ways such as increasing infrastructure investment, raising crop prices, stabilizing purchasing channels, increasing investment in agricultural R & D and services, can be considered to improve farming initiative, optimize cropping structure and increase farmers income.