不同类型水稻材料成熟胚组织培养力的比较

【目的】研制适应性广的不同类型水稻成熟胚再生技术。【方法】采用生产上应用价值高的不同类型水稻品种成熟胚为外植体材料,比较研究9个粳稻、9个籼稻和11个新近培育的超级杂交稻(两系或三系)或优势组合在不同培养基中的出愈、分化和再生等组织培养力表现。【结果】以M8为基本培养基,在添加30g·L-1蔗糖、8g·L-1琼脂和2mg·L-12,4-D(2,4-苯氧乙酸)相同成分的基础上,供试粳稻材料单独添加较低浓度的细胞分裂素,即0.3mg·L-16-BA(6-苄基嘌呤)可获得较高的出愈率,出愈率在89.2%-61.7%之间;而供试籼稻材料则需在添加2mg·L-16-BA和0.5mg·L-1KT(激动素)两种细胞分裂素的基础上,再添加1mg·L-1NAA(萘乙酸)生长素类激素,可明显提高出愈率,出愈率在100%-9.1%之间;而11个偏籼型超级杂交稻则表现在添加1mg·L-16-BA和1mg·L-1KT(激动素)两种细胞分裂素,即可获得较高的出愈率,出愈率在86.3%-40%之间。在此基础上,在添加了0.5mg·L-12,4-D和1mg·L-16-BA的MS分化培养基(粳稻)以及0.2mg·L-12,4-D和0.5mg·L-16-BA(籼稻和超级杂交稻)的分化培养基上,可分别获得59.5%-9.2%(粳稻)、87.5%-3.6%(籼稻)和43.2%-17.2%(杂交稻)的植株再生率。【结论】初步建立了适合相同水稻类型成熟胚高频再生技术。

The Comparison in Tissue Culture Ability from Mature Embryo in Different Rice Cultivars

Objective]The objective of this experiment was to study the regeneration technology of extensive adaptability of different rice varieties mature embryos. Method]The mature embryos of different production types of rice were used as explants and the manifestations of tissue culture ability were studied comparatively,including callus induction frequency of mature embryo,differentiation rate and regeneration rate of 9 kinds of Japonica,9 kinds of indica and 11 kinds of new cultivating super hybrid rice of two line or three line or superiority combinations in different media. Result]When M8 was used as a basic medium,and 30g·L~(-1) sucrose,8 g·L~(-1) agar and 2 mg·L~(-1) 2,4-D were added,single addition of cytokinin at lower concentration (0.3 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA) in induction medium obtained higher callus induction frequency in Japonica between 61.7% and 89.2%.Based on addition of the two cytokinins (2 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA and 0.5 mg·L~(-1) KT),further addition of 1 mg·L~(-1) NAA,the callus induction frequency of indica was improved obviously,between 9.1% and 100%.The callus induction frequency of 11 kinds of super hybrid rice were higher between 40% and 86.3% when addition of 1 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA and 1 mg·L~(-1) KT,the cytokinins required by japonica and indica.On this basis adding 0.5 mg·L~(-1) 2,4-D and 1 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA (japonica),or 0.2 mg·L~(-1) 2,4-D and 0.5 mg·L~(-1) 6-BA (indica and hybrid rice) in the MS differentiation medium,the regeneration rates of plants reached 59.5%-9.2% (japonica),87.5%-3.6% (indica).and 43.2%~(-1)7.2% (hybrid rice),respectively.Conclusion]The regeneration technology for higher frequency of the same type of rice varieties mature embryos was established preliminarily.