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耕作方式对冬小麦田土壤呼吸及各组分贡献的影响
引用本文:张宇,张海林,陈继康,陈阜.耕作方式对冬小麦田土壤呼吸及各组分贡献的影响[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(9):3354-3360.
作者姓名:张宇  张海林  陈继康  陈阜
作者单位:中国农业大学农学与生物技术学院/农业部农作制度重点开放实验室,北京,100193
摘    要: 【目的】探讨不同耕作方式对冬小麦农田土壤呼吸组分及碳平衡的影响,比较不同耕作方式下农田的碳汇强度。【方法】试验于2006-2008年冬小麦生长季进行,共设3个处理:翻耕(CT)、旋耕(RT)、免耕(NT),采用静态箱法测定农田土壤CO2的排放速率,同时利用根去除法区分根系对土壤呼吸的贡献率,通过计算净生态系统生产力(NEP),来判断不同耕作方式下农田碳汇强度。【结果】耕作方式对冬小麦农田土壤CO2排放具有显著影响,且表现出明显的季节性排放特征,即先下降再升高,其中排放最低值出现在冬小麦越冬期。整个小麦生育期间农田CO2平均排放速率表现为翻耕>旋耕>免耕,其中根系呼吸所占比例平均为翻耕26.18%、旋耕29.96%、免耕36.44%。冬小麦生育期3种处理条件下,土壤呼吸中根系呼吸的贡献率波动在15%~85%,其中冬小麦拔节期农田土壤根系呼吸贡献率最高。【结论】3种耕作方式下农田土壤均表现为大气CO2排放的“汇”,但不同耕作方式下农田碳汇强弱不同,表现为免耕>旋耕>翻耕。

关 键 词:  耕作方式" target="_blank">face="Verdana">耕作方式  冬小麦  CO2排放  根系呼吸  碳平衡
收稿时间:2008-12-16;

Tillage Effects on Soil Respiration and Contributions of Its Components in Winter Wheat Field
ZHANG Yu,ZHANG Hai-lin,CHEN Ji-kang,CHEN Fu.Tillage Effects on Soil Respiration and Contributions of Its Components in Winter Wheat Field[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(9):3354-3360.
Authors:ZHANG Yu  ZHANG Hai-lin  CHEN Ji-kang  CHEN Fu
Institution:(College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University/Key Laboratory of Farming System, Ministry of Agriculture)
Abstract:【Objective】 Field experiment was carried out to estimate tillage effects on soil CO2 emission, relative contribution of root and soil respiration and carbon balance, and carbon respiration intensity during winter wheat growth season. 【Method】Conventional tillage (CT), rotary tillage (RT), and no tillage (NT) were used during 2006-2008, soil CO2 emission was measured by using static closed chambers and root contribution of root respiration was detected by root exclusion method. NEP was calculated for estimating carbon sequestration intensity. 【Result】 Soil CO2 emission was affected significantly by different tillage systems and it showed a significant seasonal fluctuating characteristic which was dropping until reached the lowest in hibernation and hoisting during the following period. The order of mean soil CO2 emission rate was CT>RT>NT. The mean ratio of root respiration contributed to total respiration was 26.18%, 29.96% and 36.44% under CT, RT and NT, respectively. The contribution ratio of rhizospheric respiration to total soil CO2 emission was fluctuated from 15% to 85% during the season and the ratio was highest at jointing stage of winter wheat under each tillage system. 【Conclusion】 Therefore, soils were sinks of atmospheric CO2 under each tillage system, but the order of the intensity of carbon sink was NT>RT>CT.
Keywords:tillage  winter wheat  CO2 emission  root respiration  carbon balance
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