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不同库容量类型常规籼稻品种氮素吸收与分配的差异
引用本文:董桂春,于小凤,董燕萍,李进前,田昊,周娟,王云霞,杨连新,黄建晔,王余龙.不同库容量类型常规籼稻品种氮素吸收与分配的差异[J].中国农业科学,2009,42(10):3432-3441.
作者姓名:董桂春  于小凤  董燕萍  李进前  田昊  周娟  王云霞  杨连新  黄建晔  王余龙
作者单位:1. 扬州大学江苏省作物遗传生理重点实验室/农业部长江中下游作物生理生态与栽培重点开放实验室,江苏扬州,225009
2. 连云港市园艺蔬菜技术指导站,江苏连云港,222001
基金项目:国家自然科学基金,江苏省高校自然科学重大基础研究项目,扬州大学高层次人才科研启动基金,扬州大学科技创新培育基金 
摘    要: 【目的】研究不同库容量类型水稻品种氮素吸收与分配的差异,为大库容量类型品种的氮素遗传改良提供参考依据。【方法】在群体水培条件下,以国内、外不同年代育成的常规籼稻代表品种(2001年为88个、2002年为122个)为材料,测定干物重(包括根系)、产量及其构成因素、氮素含量等,采用组内最小平方和的动态聚类方法将供试品种按库容量从低到高依次分为A、B、C、D、E、F 6类,研究各类品种氮素吸收与分配的基本特点。【结果】供试品种间库容量的差异很大(426%、817%)。A、B、C、D、E、F类品种的平均库容量,2001年分别为426.37、642.53、770.96、903.73、1 064.32、1 213.90 g?m-2,2002年分别为359.36、574.11、764.98、962.43、1 200.11、1 455.59 g?m-2;大库容量品种抽穗期全株含氮率较高、结实期全株含氮率下降幅度较大;大库容量类型品种吸氮能力强,抽穗后更明显吸氮能力显著受到生育期与吸氮强度的影响,但吸氮强度的作用要大于生育期的作用。;大库容量类型品种氮素在根中比例小、成熟期氮素在茎鞘叶中比例小、穗中氮素比例大、结实期茎鞘叶氮素运转量大;增加吸氮量,促进茎鞘叶中的氮素运转有利于库容量的提高。【结论】大库容量类型品种吸氮能力特别是抽穗后的吸氮能力强,成熟期氮素在营养器官中比例小、穗中氮素比例大、结实期茎鞘叶氮素运转量大。

关 键 词:水稻  品种  库容量  氮素吸收  氮素分配
收稿时间:2008-11-10;

A Difference in Nitrogen Uptake and Distribution in Conventional Indica Rice Cultivars with Different Sink-Potentials
DONG Gui-chun,YU Xiao-feng,DONG Yan-ping,LI Jin-qian,TIAN Hao,ZHOU Juan,WANG Yun-xian,YANG Lian-xin,HUANG Jian-ye,WANG Yu-long.A Difference in Nitrogen Uptake and Distribution in Conventional Indica Rice Cultivars with Different Sink-Potentials[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,2009,42(10):3432-3441.
Authors:DONG Gui-chun  YU Xiao-feng  DONG Yan-ping  LI Jin-qian  TIAN Hao  ZHOU Juan  WANG Yun-xian  YANG Lian-xin  HUANG Jian-ye  WANG Yu-long
Institution:(Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology of Jiangsu Province/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Cultivation in Middle and Lower Reaches of Yangtse River of Ministry of Agriculture, Yangzhou University)
Abstract:【Objective】 The goal of this research was to analyze the characteristics of nitrogen uptake and distribution in conventional indica rice cultivars with large sink potential(SP). 【Method】 Eighty-eight and 122 conventional indica rice cultivars were solution-cultured in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Dry matter weight (including root system, culm and sheath, leaves, panicle), nitrogen content in different organs, yield and its components were measured. The tested rice cultivars were classified into 6 types (i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, A was the lowest, and F was the highest) based on their SP level by the MinSSw method, to study their difference in nitrogen uptake and distribution. 【Result】 Difference of SP of the cultivars used in this study was very large, the averages of SP in different types were 426.37, 642.53,770.96, 903.73, 1064.32, 1213.90 g?m-2 in 2001, and 359.36, 574.11, 764.98, 962.43, 1200.11, 1455.59 g?m-2 in 2002, respectively; in large SP types of indica rice, N content (%) at heading stage was higher, while that decreased more during grain filling period. Cultivars with large SP were characterized by higher N accumulation during grain filling period and at mature stage, lower rate of N distributed in root, leaf, culm, and sheath and higher translocation rate from leaf, culm and sheath to panicle. N accumulation was significantly influenced by growth duration and N uptake intensity, but the effect of N uptake intensity on N accumulation was more important than growth duration. Enhancing N accumulation and rate of nitrogen translocation in culm, sheath and leaf during the grain-filling stage could improve SP. 【Conclusion】 Cultivars with large SP were characterized by higher N accumulation during grain filling period and at mature stage, lower rate of N distributed in vegetative organs and higher translocation rate from leaf, culm and sheath to panicle.
Keywords:conventional indica rice  cultivars  sink potential  nitrogen uptake  nitrogen distribution
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