棉花生长发育模型及其在我国的研究和应用进展

棉花是一种重要的经济作物,棉花优质高产高效生产对于我国具有战略意义。棉花生长发育模拟模型从棉花的内部生理过程、外部形态结构及其与生长环境的动态交互出发,实现作物生长发育和产量品质形成过程的动态描述和精确模拟,为棉田生产管理措施的优化决策提供了极大的帮助和便利。本文在综合介绍棉花生理生态过程模型、棉花形态结构模型和棉花功能-结构模型的技术原理、组成结构和功能特点的基础上,深入探讨了棉花生长发育模拟模型在国内外研究进展,对棉花生长发育模型在我国棉花生长发育和产量形成、灌溉优化、施肥决策、病虫害管理及棉花生产区域系统评估方面的应用现状进行了系统介绍。根据我国棉花生产的实际情况,结合我国农业信息化发展方向,从模型的本地化研究、尺度提升及其推广示范方面为我国棉花生长发育模拟模型研究、发展和应用提出了建议,以期进一步推动我国棉花产业的现代化发展。

Advances in Cotton Growth and Development Modelling and Its Applications in China

Cotton is an important commodity crop, and its high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency production have strategic significance for China. The cotton growth and development models (CGDM) simulate the dynamic interactions of physiological and structural processes with the environment, and predict the growth, yield and quality formation of cotton, to provide great assistance and convenience for the optimal decision of management practices. Based on the comprehensive introduction of technical principle, structural composition and functional characteristics of physiological model, structural model and functional-structural model of cotton, some further discussions were developed on the research and application of these models at domestic and abroad. Some further discussions were developed on the research and application of these models at domestic and abroad, particularly in the application of the CGDMs for the simulation of dynamic change of cotton growth and yield, for the optimization of irrigation, fertilization and pest management strategies, and for the regional-assessment of cotton production system in China. According to the actual situation of cotton production in China, combined with the development direction of agricultural informatization in our country, several suggestions were put forward for the research, development and application of cotton growth simulation model in terms of localization study, scale improvement and popularization demonstration, in order to further promote the modernization development of cotton industry in China.