农艺措施对谷子产量及抗倒伏力学性能的影响

[目的]明晰栽培条件互作对谷子叶片光合特性、茎秆生物力学性质指标的耦合影响,为运用谷子茎秆生物力学性质进行抗倒伏特性评价,为优化谷子种植栽培条件及抗倒伏优种筛选提供合理农艺措施和理论支持.[方法]采用裂区试验设计方法,主区选取4个在生产中具有代表性的谷子品种,副区为基于不同的播种密度与施肥量、播种密度与水分、水分与施肥...

Effects of Agronomic Managements on Yield and Lodging Resistance of Millet

【Objective】In order to study the effect of interaction treatment cultivation conditions on yield of millet and the biomechanical properties of quantitative evaluation of lodging resistance. 【Method】In this paper, using split zone design, four millet varieties with representativeness in production were selected. Based on interaction treatment cultivation conditions of different seeding density and fertilization, seeding density and water, water and fertilization conditions, the effects of cultivation measures on the growth and development of millet and the biomechanical properties of stem on lodging resistance were systematically studied. 【Result】(1) Except for the effect of water on the average diameter of millet stalk, the yield, photosynthetic physiological characteristics and stem characteristics of millet were significantly affected by four factors: millet variety, fertilization amount, sowing density and water content (P<0.001). (2) The 1 000-grain weight and yield of millet increased with the increase of fertilizer and water. With the increase of seed density, 1 000-grain weight decreased, and the yield increased first and then decreased. The SPAD value and the maximum fluorescence value (F_m) of millet flag leaf at flowering stage were significantly higher than that at filling stage. The SPAD value of flag leaf at flowering stage and F_m value of flag leaf at filling stage were used as the target traits of millet breeding. (3) The effect of sowing density on the lodging rate in millet was the greatest, followed by the influence of water and variety, while the effect of fertilization was the least. (4) The tensile force of the penultimate node of millet stem was negatively correlated with plant height, average length of nodes and moisture of stem nodes, and positively correlated with average diameter of nodes. 【Conclusion】Under the interaction treatment cultivation conditions of different agronomic measures, the single factor had the greatest influence on the yield of millet, plant photosynthetic physiological characteristics and stem mechanical properties. Selecting fine varieties, reasonable close planting (≤700 000 plants/hm²) and proper water and fertilizer were effective measures to improve the quality of millet, to increase yield, and to reduce the lodging rate in the field.