氮素形态对两个小麦品种籽粒内源激素含量的影响

 【目的】探讨氮素形态对强筋小麦豫麦34和弱筋小麦豫麦50籽粒内源激素含量的影响。【方法】在盆栽条件下, 设酰胺态氮、铵态氮和硝态氮3种氮素形态处理并加入硝化抑制剂双氰铵（DCD），在小麦开花后定期取样，用酶联免疫法测定籽粒中IAA、GA3、ABA和ZR含量。【结果】酰胺态氮处理下，豫麦34籽粒形成初期，ZR含量较高；籽粒灌浆盛期前，IAA，ABA，GA3含量较高，灌浆速率较早达到高峰，与铵态氮和硝态氮处理相比，粒重分别增加9.16%和5.74%。铵态氮处理下，豫麦50籽粒形成初期，ZR含量较高；籽粒灌浆盛期前，IAA，GA3含量高；籽粒灌浆后期，IAA含量仍较高，籽粒灌浆速率较快且下降较为平缓，与酰胺态氮和硝态氮相比，粒重分别增加3.88%和11.52%。【结论】氮素形态对两个品种的影响不同，酰胺态氮有利于调节豫麦34内源激素水平，促进籽粒灌浆，提高粒重；而铵态氮对豫麦50较为有利。

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Endogenous Hormones Content in Grains of Two Wheat Cultivars

【Objective】 In order to understand the effects of nitrogen forms on endogenous plant hormones content in grains of Yumai 34（a strong gluten cultivar）and Yumai 50(weak gluten)．【Method】Pot experiments were completed in NH2--N, NH4+-N and NO3--N treatments which nitrification inhibitors dicyandiamide(DCD) was applied, and indoleacetic acid (IAA), gibberellins (GA3), abscisic acid(ABA), zeatin riboside (ZR) content in grains were investigated 5, 15, 20 and 25 days after anthesis respectively using method of the Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA)．【Result】When NH2--N was applied to Yumai34，ZR content in grains was promoted greatly in primary period of grains forming, IAA, GA3, ABA content in grains were increased evidently at the main period of grain filling and grain filling rate was higher in this period, and the grain weight was increased by5.74～9.16%． Applied with NH4+-N，ZR content in grains of Yumai50 was higher in primary period of grain forming, IAA, GA3 content in grains were higher at the main period of grains filling and grain filling rate was higher in this period．IAA content in grains was still higher in later period of grain filling , grains filling rate decreased slowly in this period．At last, the grains weight was increased by 3.88～11.52%．【Conclusion】This study showed that endogenous hormones content in grains of Yumai 34 and Yumai 50 responded differently to nitrogen forms which could regulate grain filling．When NH2--N was applied to Yumai34 and NH4+-N applied to Yumai50, grain filling was promoted by endogenous plant hormones content in grains and grains weight be increased．