家蚕RAPD、AFLP和SSR标记的研究及比较分析

 【目的】探讨RAPD、AFLP和SSR标记系统在家蚕遗传学研究中各自适用领域，为其在种质资源研究中选择适合的分子标记系统提供参考。【方法】利用RAPD、AFLP和SSR 3种分子标记方法研究了15个家蚕品种的遗传多样性指数，同时对3种标记系统进行了比较分析。【结果】SSR标记位点的期望异质性（He）最大（0.40），AFLP标记位点的He最小（0.25），但AFLP有最高标记指数（MI，15.60）和最高的多态性检测效率（Ai，74.75）。【结论】SSR比AFLP和RAPD的信息含量高，使得它最适合用于种质资源的遗传多样性分析；AFLP的检测效率高即能够在1次PCR扩增反应中检测到最多的DNA带型，非常适合于种质鉴定与保护和构建连锁遗传图谱。

Comparison of SSR,AFLP and RAPD Markers for Genetic Analysis of Domestic Silkworm

【Objective】It can provide the reference for selecting appropriate marker system for germplasm resource research through the studies of its suitable domain respectively of RAPD, AFLP and SSR marker systems in domestic silkworm (Bombyx mori) genetics research. 【Method】 RAPD, AFLP and SSR were used to study the genetic diversity index of 15 B.mori strains. And the three marker systems were compared. 【Result】 The results indicated that SSR presented the highest expected heterozygosity (0.40). While the lowest values of expected hererozygosity were obtained from AFLPs, which nevertheless obtained the highest marker index (MI, 15.60) and value of assay efficiency (Ai, 74.75). 【Conclusion】SSRs had higher information content than RAPD and AFLP, so it is adapted to genetic analysis of germplasm. AFLP had higher assay efficiency, i.e. it can assay more DNA bands in one PCR amplification, so it is suitable for identification and protection of germplasm and construction of genetic linkage map.