嗜线虫致病杆菌杀虫毒素对棉铃虫的中肠组织病理学研究

 嗜线虫致病杆菌HB310菌株与小卷蛾斯氏线虫HB310共生，对多种昆虫均具有较高生物活性。本实验通过盐析和非变性凝胶电泳等方法从嗜线虫致病杆菌HB310菌株的细胞内分离纯化出具胃毒活性的蛋白毒素Ⅱ。经毒素Ⅱ处理的棉铃虫幼虫，中肠组织的病理学变化类似于发光杆菌Tca毒素和Btδ-内毒素。棉铃虫4龄幼虫口服毒素Ⅱ 6 h后中肠组织开始发生变化：首先围食膜前端破碎，中肠柱状细胞伸长；随着时间推移，12 h后整个围食膜被破坏消失，中肠组织病变加重，肠壁细胞排列疏松混乱；随着毒素作用的逐渐减弱，处理72 h后棉铃虫中肠围食膜又重新出现。毒素Ⅱ离体处理棉铃虫围食膜，同样可以导致围食膜破碎。

Histopathological Effects of the Protein Toxin from Xenorhabdus nematophila on the Midgut of Helicoverpa armigera

Xenorhabdus nematophila HB310 is highly virulent to many insects, and it is symbiotic with Steinernema carpocapsae HB310. ToxinⅡwas obtained by salting out and native-PAGE from the cells of X. nematophila HB310. The histopathology of toxinⅡto Helicoverpa armigera larvae was studied by dissecting and olefin slice of the midgut. The symptoms showed that the histopathology of the H. armigera midgut was similar to that of other novel midgut-active toxins such as the δ-endotoxins from Bacillus thuringiensis, as well as Tca from Photorhabdus luminescens W14. The midgut tissues of H. armigera fouth-instar larvae began to change after taken the toxinⅡorally in 6 hours. The foreport of peritrophic membrane began fracture and the cells extended. The epithelium was decomposed gradually and the midgut tissues were loose or disordered at last. The peritrophic membrane disappeared after 12 hours but appeared again after 72 hours following transient or sublethal exposure to the toxin. The toxinⅡalso directly destroyed the excised peritrophic membrane of H. armigera.