采用分子标记构建新疆野苹果核心种质的方法

 【目的】探讨分子水平构建核心种质的方法，为新疆野苹果核心种质的构建提供方法。【方法】以109个新疆野苹果实生株系的128个SSR位点为材料，根据Nei &; Li、SM和Jaccard遗传距离，采用UPGMA聚类法进行多次聚类，以随机取样策略为对照取样策略，应用位点优先取样策略，研究新疆野苹果核心种质构建的方法。采用丢失的等位基因数以及对Nei’s基因多样度和香农信息指数进行t检验来评价核心种质的代表性。【结果】与对照随机取样策略比较，位点优先取样策略能构建一个更有代表性的核心种质。SM、Jaccard和Nei &; Li遗传距离构建的新疆野苹果核心种质无明显区别。采用SRAP数据和表型数据分析显示，位点优先取样策略是一种较好的构建新疆野苹果核心种质的方法。【结论】采用位点优先法，根据SM、Jaccard或Nei &; Li遗传距离进行多次聚类，是较适宜的构建新疆野苹果核心种质的方法。

A Method for Constructing Core Collection of Malus sieversii Using Molecular Markers

【Objective】 The method for constructing core collection of Malus sieversii based on molecular markers data was proposed. 【Method】 According to 128 SSR allele of 109 M. sieversii, an allele preferred sampling strategy was used to construct M. sieversii core collection using UPGMA cluster method according to Nei &; Li, SM and Jaccard genetic distances by stepwise clustering and compared with the random sampling strategy. The number of lost allele and t-test of Nei's gene diversity and Shannon's Information index were used to evaluate representative of core collections. 【Result】 Compared with the random sampling strategy, allele preferred sampling stragegy could construct more representative core collections. SM, Jaccard and Nei &; Li genetic distance had not distinct difference for construction of M. sieversii core collection. SRAP data and morphological data showed that allele preferred sampling strategy was a good sampling strategy for constructing core collection of M. sieversii.【Conclusion】 Allele preferred sampling strategy combined with SM, Jaccard and Nei &; Li genetic distances using stepwise clustering is a suitable method for constructing M. sieversii core collection.