普通小麦-冰草衍生后代中抑制成穗新种质的外源物质检测与遗传分析

 【目的】检测普通小麦Fukuhokomugi（Triticum aestivum L.）－冰草Z559（Agropyron cristatum L. Gaertn.）衍生后代中6个分蘖正常而成穗显著受抑制株系的外源物质，对成穗受抑制性状进行遗传分析。【方法】采用基因组原位杂交（GISH）和微卫星（SSR）技术进行外源物质检测；以成穗受抑制小麦（♀）×京4841（♂）后代的F1与F2单株表型进行遗传分析。【结果】通过GISH和SSR分析，在成穗受抑制株系中检测出2个插入易位和6个SSR易位标记；成穗受抑制材料与京4841的杂交后代F1单株均表现为正常成穗，F2正常成穗植株与成穗显著受抑制植株比值为3﹕1。【结论】有一些冰草的染色体片段被导入普通小麦Fukuhokomugi中，抑制成穗性状的基因是1对隐性基因。

Characterization of Spike Inhibition Wheat Germplasm Derived from Wheat×Agropyron cristatum

Six uniculm plant lines, which had many natural tillers but only the main stem could come into being spike, were found from the offspring of hybridizations of the variety Fukuho and A. cristatum. The result of GISH showed these uniculm plant lines belonged to the translation lines between two couple wheat chromosomes and A. cristatum chromosomes. Total six translational markers were detected by using SSR analysis in them, which showed that a few chromosome sequences were translated from A. cristatum to Fukuho. The F1 plants of the uniculm wheat X the natural variety Jing 4841 were all natural in modality, but the ratio between natural plants and not was 3:1 in the F2 generation. This showed that the gene which decided the earing number was recessive single gene.