陕北黄土高原土地利用生态服务价值时空研究

【目的】为了定量的建立区域绿色生态经济账户，为区域土地的持续利用与生态环境和社会经济协调发展提供科学决策依据。【方法】以中国陕北黄土高原作为研究对象，通过野外实地调查与测定，利用遥感和地理信息系统手段与多元统计分析等方法，从分析区域现状主要生态过程入手，研究了区域的土地利用覆盖及其格局变化，以及生态服务功能及价值的时空分布。【结果】1978年1990年和2000年陕北黄土高原生态系统服务价值分别为467.23亿元、577.03亿元和560.99亿元。从1978年至1990年陕北黄土高原的生态价值增加了19.03%，而1990年至2000年陕北黄土高原的生态价值减少了2.86%，但是在22年来陕北黄土高原的生态价值增加了16.71%。【结论】陕北黄土高原生态系统服务功能价值在空间分布上存在一定的差异。从大的区域来讲，1978年到2000年陕北黄土高原生态系统服务价值是在缓慢增加，并且陕北黄土高原生态系统服务价值的增加主要在南部，北部变化不大。但是值得注意的是虽然大趋势是缓慢增加，但是局部地区生态系统服务价值的减少却很剧烈，而且，陕北黄土高原1990年至2000年生态服务价值总体上是在减少。生态环境改善的情况存在区域分布差异，南部改善面积较大但是北部地区改善缓慢。

The Spatial Analysis of Land Use Ecological Services Value in Loess Plateau in Northern Shaanxi Pronvice

Objective ] This study looked at sustainable development and applied science methods. Method] According to its actual ecological problems, through field surveys and measurements, using RS, GIS and statistical approaches, the paper researched regional land-use coverage change, and the spatial-temporal changes of ecological service values Result ]The ecological services value in the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi province was 46.723 billion yuan in 1978, the ecological services value in 1990 was 57.703 billion yuan, and the ecological services value in 2000 was 56.099 billion yuan. From 1978 to 1990, the ecological services value rose by 19.03%, and from 1990 to 2000 dropped by 2.86%. In the entire 22 year ecological value in northern Shaanxi province, the value b increased by 16.71%. Conclusion] Ecosystem services in the Loess Plateau in northern Shaanxi province changed in spatial distribution. From 1978 to 2000, the ecosystem services value in northern Shaanxi province slowly increased, and it increased mainly in the south. But it is noteworthy that although the general trend is slowly increasing, the reduction of the ecosystem services value in local area was very keen. From 1990 to 2000 ecosystem services value in northern Shaanxi province declined delin. There was regional disparity in the improvement of the ecological environment, The northern region improved more expansively, and the southern region improved slowly.