黄兰开花过程中挥发性有机成分及变化规律

【目的】研究黄兰（Michelia champaca L.）开花过程中挥发性有机成分及含量的变化。【方法】以黄兰不同开花阶段的花瓣为材料，采用顶空-固相微萃取与气相色谱-质谱联用技术，对黄兰开花过程中的挥发性有机成分及变化规律进行研究。【结果】从黄兰开花过程的6个阶段共鉴定出51种化合物，香叶烯、β-榄香烯、芳樟醇、安息香酸甲酯、β-蒎烯、桉油精是构成黄兰花香气的主要成分。在黄兰不同开花阶段，不同挥发性有机物的相对含量存在不同变化趋势，β-榄香烯、安息香酸甲酯、衣兰烯等的相对浓度呈现先升高后降低的趋势，β-蒎烯、罗勒烯、桉油精等呈现先降低后升高的趋势，而石竹烯、α-荜澄茄烯、大牻牛儿烯B呈现持续下降趋势；【结论】黄兰不同开花阶段，挥发性有机成分及含量差异明显，其主要成分具有药用保健作用。因此，黄兰是营造保健型芳香植物景观的优良植物材料。

The Components and Changes of VOCs of Michelia champaca L.Flower at Different Developmental Stages

【Objective】The changes of the components and contents of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) of Michelia champaca flowers at different developmental stages were studied.【Method】The petals of M.champaca at different developmental stages were used as materials to investigate the components and their changes of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) by using the methods of headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS).【Result】Fifty-one volatile compounds were identified from petals during the whole flowering process of M.champaca,of which,1,6-cyclodecadiene,1-methyl-5-methylene-8-(1-methylethyl)-,s-(E,E)]-,cyclohexane,1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-,1S-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,4.beta.)]-,1,6-octadien-3-ol,3,7-dimethyl-,benzoic acid,methyl ester,beta-pinene and Eucalyptol were the major volatile compounds emitted from M.champaca flower.The relative content of different volatile compounds emitted from M.champaca flower showed different trends during flowering.The relative content of cyclohexane,1-ethenyl-1-methyl-2,4-bis(1-methylethenyl)-,1S-(1.alpha.,2.beta.,4.beta.)]-,benzoic acid,methyl ester and ylangene increased at first and then decreased,while the beta-pinene,1,3,6-octatriene,3,7-dimethyl-and eucalyptol showed crosscurrent,and the relative contents of caryophyllene,alpha-cubebene and 1,5-cyclodecadiene,1,5-dimethyl-8-(1-methylethylidene)-,(E,E)-declined during the flowering process.【Conclusion】The volatile compounds and their contents were distinctly different at different developmental stages of M.champaca flowers,the major components had officinal and health care effect.So,M.champaca is an excellent ornamental species for building plant landscape that is beneficial to people’s health.