不同环境下大豆荚粒性状的遗传与QTL分析

【目的】探讨大豆荚粒性状之间以及与产量之间的相互关系及其遗传机制，并定位控制其性状的QTL。【方法】以栽培大豆晋豆23为母本，半野生大豆灰布支黑豆为父本所衍生的474个重组自交系，通过3年2个重复的试验结果，用多年多点联合分析方法对荚粒及产量等9个性状进行遗传分析及数量性状定位。【结果】相关分析结果表明，产量与百粒重、粒长、单株粒重、2粒荚、3粒荚呈现显著或极显著正相关，在三年两地共定位了6个产量QTL、4个百粒重QTL、10个单株粒重QTL、2个粒宽QTL、5个粒长QTL、7个1粒荚QTL、5个2粒荚QTL、7个3粒荚QTL和5个4粒荚QTL。【结论】在不同年份和环境下检测到的QTL，可作为荚粒性状改良的候选染色体区段，用于分子标记辅助选择，同时也要注意环境的影响。

Genetic Analysis and QTL Mapping of Pod-Seed Traits in Soybean Under Different Environments

【Objective】Soybean Glycine mar(L.) Merr.] pod-seed trait is one of the most important traits related with yields.In this paper,the relationship between soybean pod-seed traits and yields was studied,the QTLs controlling soybean pod-seed traits were mapped,and the soybean pod-seed trait molecular genetic mechanism was revealed.【Method】Based on three years and two environments data,a recombinant line population of 474 F2:8:11 lines from a cross of Jindou 23 and ZDD2315 was used for analyzing and mapping QTLs of soybean pod-seed related traits.【Result】The results of the molecular genetic analysis indicated that the field traits have a significant positive correlation or extreme significant positive correlation with 100-grain-weight,grain length,single grain weight,two-grain pod and three-grain pod.According to three years and two environments data,the authors mapped six QTLs of field traits related,four QTLs of 100-grain-weight,ten QTLs of single line grain weight,two QTLs of grain width,five QTLs of grain length,seven QTLs of one-grain pod,five two-grain pod,seven QTLs of three-grain pod and five QTLs of four-grain pod.【Conclusion】The identification of consistent QTLs under different environments and in different years will be used as candidate chromosome regions,which will help to improve the efficiency of selection for pod-seed related traits in soybean through molecular marker-assisted selection.