生猪及其产品从农场到餐桌质量溯源解决方案——以天津市为例

 【目的】满足政府监管猪肉的安全生产和食品消费者的知情权，保障猪肉食品的公共安全。【方法】采用动物的标识技术、PDA智能识读技术、GPRS技术、Intranet和Internet等技术，结合中国《畜禽标识和养殖档案管理办法》，提出基于猪肉安全生产的物质流与信息流的跟踪与溯源流程，设计集约化养猪场及散养模式下养殖、屠宰与销售环节的元数据及相应的关系型数据表，并开发上述3个环节的数据记录系统，以及面向政府监管和消费者查询的公共网络平台。【结果】开发的集约化养殖过程信息系统在记录猪只各种事件数据的基础上，具有对饲料添加剂和兽药使用的业务预警功能，能及时向溯源中央数据库提交出栏猪只的养殖过程事件;开发的PDA数据采集系统，能移动采集散养猪只的养殖事件数据，并通过GPRS远程提交溯源数据;开发的基于web技术的天津猪肉质量溯源平台，具有在线集成来自养殖、屠宰和销售环节的各种标识数据及有关猪肉质量安全数据，并实现标识的转换与数据的关联，最终实现从生产源头向消费终端的跟踪和反方向的可追溯。【结论】本研究开发的或集成的各种标识技术、元数据规范及数据记录系统和web查询平台，经过实际应用是可行的，个别技术瓶颈随通讯技术的发展将得到解决，其全面实施将为保证猪肉质量安全生产的监管及满足消费需求提供技术支撑。

A Solution on Pork Quality Safety Production Traceability from Farm to Dining Table——Taking Tianjin City as an Example

【Objective】 The study was made to meet government supervision of safe pork production as well as consumer's right to know what they will buy and to protect the public safety of pork food.【Method】This study adopted animal identification, intelligent PDA reading and writing, GPRS, intranet and internet and other information technologies, and proposed a pork tracking and traceability infarstructure based on pork production substrance flow and data flow, and designed the metadata and related databases for farming and slaughtering as well as retailing sector based on pigs intensive farming and backyard farming，and developed three different data-recording systems for different production processes, and finally formed a public network platform for inquiring in light of China's "Animal Identification and Animal Feeding File Management Approach". 【Result】 The farming process information system supplies early warning for the usage of drugs and feed additives on the basis of data of pigs individual and timely uploading all events data to remote central tracing database when pigs are sold. The PDA data acquisition system can collect farming events data for those pigs owned by farmers by mobile and submitted them to the oriented database through GPRS. The web-based Tianjin’s pork traceability platform can integrate the whole labeling and related pork quality data from farming, slaughtering to marketing by online, and set up these data inner relationships, and reached pork tracking from its origin to consumption and its tracing through turn-over direction. 【Conclusion】The developed and/or integrated various identification technologies, designed metadata specifications, three data-recording systems and the formed web-inquiring platform are feasible in pork quality traceability. Some individual technical bottlenecks will be resolved with the development of communication technology. The full implementation of this solution will supply technical support in guarantee of the quality and safety of pork production supervision and meet consumers’ demand.