甜椒L 3应对辣椒轻斑驳病毒及中椒系列新品种的选育

辣（甜）椒是我国栽培面积最大的蔬菜作物,年播种面积约2.2×10⁶ hm²,其中甜椒约5×10⁵hm²。生产上传统病害如疫病、病毒病等依然严峻,近年来辣椒轻斑驳病毒（PMMoV,烟草花叶病毒属）等新型流行病害爆发,严重制约甜椒生产;同时,消费者对品种的品质、多样性提出更高要求。笔者课题组先后从国内外引进甜（辣）椒种质资源1 400余份,通过鉴定、评价,筛选出具有抗病毒病、白粉病和果大、皮薄、光泽度好、品质优等优良性状的种质资源120余份。构建了与抗TMV（L³、L⁴）、抗番茄斑点萎蔫病毒TSWV（Tsw）等重要性状紧密连锁的分子标记,辅助育种准确率达90%以上。通过常规育种技术和分子标记相结合,创制出含有抗PMMoV（P_0,1,2）L³,且兼具抗TMV、ToMV、PMMoV（P_0,1,2）、CMV和疫病,果大、果实均一度高、光泽度好等综合性状优良、配合力高的甜椒骨干亲本‘0516’,以其为骨干亲本,培育出4个新一代优质、多抗、适应不同生态区的新品种‘中椒105号’‘中椒106号’‘中椒107号’‘中椒108号’。上述系列新品种含有L ³,抗TMV、PMMoV（P_0,1,2),兼抗CMV和疫病;果实形状大小、色泽、整齐度等商品品质,Vc等营养品质显著提高。

Development of New Varieties of ZHONGJIAO Pepper Resistant to Pepper Mild Mottle Virus Using L 3Gene

Hot (sweet) pepper is the largest area vegetable crop in China, with an annual planting area of 2.2×10⁶ hm ², including 5×10⁵ hm² of sweet pepper. Beside traditional diseases, in recent years, pepper milt mottle virus (PMMoV) as a new popular disease broke out, which seriously restricted the production of sweet pepper. At the same time, consumers put forward higher requirements for the quality and diversity of varieties. Our research group has introduced more than 1 400 accessions of hot (sweet) pepper germplasm resources from all over the world. Through identification and evaluation, more than 120 accessions with good characteristics such as antiviral disease, powdery mildew, large fruit, thin skin, good glossiness and high quality have been screened out. The molecular markers closely linked with TMV (L³, L⁴), TSWV (Tsw) and other important characters were constructed. The accuracy of assisted breeding was over 90%. Through the combination of conventional breeding techniques and molecular markers, the core backbone parental sweet pepper inbred line ‘0516’ was created with good combining ability, resistant to TMV, ToMV, PMMoV (P_0,1,2), CMV and Phytophthora capsici, large fruit, uniform and good glossiness, which contained L³ gene resistant to PMMoV (P_0,1,2). Four new varieties Zhongjiao 105, 106, 107 and 108 with high quality, multi resistance and adaptability to different ecological areas were developed. These new varieties contained L³ gene, which was resistant to TMV, PMMoV (P_0,1,2), CMV and disease; the shape, size, color, uniformity and other commodity quality, vitamin C and other nutritional quality of fruits were significantly improved. It was important to improve the disease resistance and quality of sweet pepper.