香菇担孢子交配型比例偏分离的遗传分析

 【目的】验证香菇中担孢子交配型因子分离是否存在普遍意义的偏分离现象及其在栽培菌株与野生菌株中的表现。【方法】以17个野生和栽培香菇菌株为样本，采用交配型分析、OWE-SOJ技术鉴定孢子的交配型，对各类交配型的比例进行统计分析。【结果】占供试总数64.71%的菌株担孢子交配型不呈预期的分离比，其中12个供试栽培菌株中有9个，5个供试野生菌株中有2个；偏分离菌株中均有亲本型孢子数量多于重组型孢子的趋势，偏分离双核菌丝体的F1代担孢子的核型主要取决于双核亲本的组成。【结论】香菇中担孢子交配型因子分离偏离理论预期是一种统计学意义的普遍现象；偏离程度栽培菌株大于野生菌株。

Genetic Analysis of Distorted Segregation Ratio of Mating Types Among Basidiospores in Lentinula edodes

Objective ] The objectives of this study are to proof whether or not it exhibits commonly statistical meanings of the phenomenon of mating-type factors segregation in Lentinula edodes spores and to explore the degree of distortion in all tested wild strains and cultivated strains. Method] Seventeen strains of Lentinula edodes, including wild and cultivated strains were used as test materials, statistical analysis on the ratios of spores from different aspects by using mating types analysis and OWE-SOJ technique. Result] Eleven out of the seventeen samples, up to 64.71% of all tested strains, did not display the expected segregation ratio of badidiospores; the nuclear type of F1 progeny spores mainly depended on combined state of parental dikaryons among strains segregated theoretically distribution, predominant spores were those with mating type identical to dikaryotic parent. Conclusion] Skewed expected distribution of mating-type factors segregation has commonly statistical meanings in Lentinula edodes spores and the degree of distortion in all tested wild strains was lower than cultured strains.