转cry1Ac/sck基因抗虫水稻对稻田主要非靶标害虫的田间影响评价

 【目的】研究转基因抗虫水稻对稻田主要非靶标害虫的田间影响。【方法】以转cry1Ac/ sck双基因抗虫水稻株系MSA、MSB、MSA4及其杂交稻21S/MSB、II-32A/MSB与KF6-304为材料，2002年在福建沙县、2003至2004在湖南湘潭县系统地开展了转基因水稻对稻田主要非靶标害虫白背飞虱、褐飞虱、叶蝉及稻瘿蚊的田间影响评价研究。【结果】秧苗期，MSA、MSB、21S/MSB、II-32A/MSB对稻飞虱产卵没有明显影响，稻飞虱在MSA4与KF6-304秧苗上的产卵量显著低于其对照,但所取样本上的产卵量都非常低。水稻移栽后，转基因水稻株系对白背飞虱与褐飞虱种群数量的影响有一定差异,但与它们的对照均无显著差异,整个生长期的数据分析也显示无显著差异。21S/MSB、II-32A/MSB上的叶蝉数量显著或极显著高于其对照，但叶蝉数量很低,单种叶蝉的种群数量则更低,且MSA、MSB、MSA4与KF6-304没有引起稻田叶蝉数量的明显变化。在成熟收割前，MSA、MSB有增加无效分蘖上葱管数的态势，但在水稻生长中期都对稻瘿蚊有高的抗性，能减少葱管的形成，降低标葱率。【结论】 转cry1Ac/sck 双基因抗虫水稻MSA、MSB、MSA4及杂交稻21S/MSB、II-32A/MSB与KF6-304不会引起关键非靶标水稻害虫数量的明显上升。导入相同外源基因的不同水稻株系对关键非靶标水稻害虫的影响在时间动态与程度上存在一定的差异，转基因作物生态安全评价需要进行个案分析。

Effects of and Ecological Safety Insect-Resistant Cry1Ac/sck Transgenic Rice on Key Non-Target Pests in Paddy Fields

【Objective】To study the effects of resistant –insects transgenic rice on the key non-target pests in paddy fields. 【Method】The effects of three rice lines (MSA, MSB and MSA4) and three hybrid rice lines (21S/MSB, II-32A/MSB and KF6-304) of transgenic rice with a fused double genes of cry1Ac and sck (cry1Ac/sck rice) on the key non-target pests in paddy fields were investigated and the ecological safety of these cry1Ac/sck rice were evaluated in Sha County, Fujian Province in 2002 and in Xiangtan County, Huana Province in 2003, 2004, respectively.【Result】The significant differences in the fecundity of white back planthopper, Sogatella urcifera were not found between cry1Ac/sck rice MSA、MSB、21S/MSB、II-32A/MSB plots and their control, furthermore, both MSA4 and KF6-304 significant decreased the fecundity of S. urcifera during seedling. Whereas all six cry1Ac/sck rice lines sometimes increased or decreased the number of individuals of S. urcifera and brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens in the temporal dynamic, in most cases, there were no significant differences between cry1Ac/sck rice plots and their controls, and the situations in total quantity were similar. Both 21S/MSB and II-32A/MSB stimulated the populations of leafhoppers, however, there were no significant differences between other cry1Ac/sck rice plots and their controls and only a lower total quantity of leafhoppers in paddy fields. MSA and MSB showed high resistance to Pachydiplosis oryzae and decreased the number of shallot tracts and rate of rice clusters with shallot tracts at mid-stage of rice growth whereas these two cry1Ac/sck rice plots have the trends to increase the number of shallot tracts in null ramifications of rice before harvesing.【Result】 The results suggest that cry1Ac/sck rice lines, MSA, MSB, MSA4, 21S/MSB, II-32A/MSB and KF6-304 have not significant negative effects on key non-target pests in paddy fields.