木醋液的杀线活性及对根结线虫病的防治效果研究

 【目的】初步探究木醋液对根结线虫2龄幼虫的抑制作用,以及木醋液及其配剂对根结线虫病的田间防治效果。【方法】采用浸渍法测定不同稀释浓度的木醋液对根结线虫2龄幼虫抑制作用,根据实验室测定结果设计小区试验,进行木醋液及其配剂对石榴根结线虫病、番茄根结线虫病的大田防治。【结果】不同稀释浓度的木醋液对4种常见根结线虫的2龄幼虫均有抑制作用,随着稀释倍数的增加,抑制作用减小。木醋液稀释浓度为150倍处理72 h时,北方根结线虫、花生根结线虫、南方根结线虫、爪哇根结线虫的校正死亡率分别达到了76.3%、78.４%、77.9%和72.2%。木醋液和木醋液配剂对石榴根结线虫病有较好的防治效果,防治效果分别达到了63.9%和50.5%。木醋液和木醋液配剂对番茄根结线虫病的防治效果,寻甸分别为54.1%和28.6%,个旧的为27.8%和19.6%。【结论】初步证明木醋液对根结线虫2龄幼虫有抑制作用,对石榴根结线虫病和番茄根结线虫病有防治效果,对防治根结线虫病有研究价值、应用价值和开发前景。

Nematicidal Activity and Control Efficiency of Pyroligneous Liquor on Meloidogyne spp.

Objective] Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) is one of the major pathogens of crop diseases. Effective control of root-knot nematode diseases requires development of products that are effective, economical and environmentally safe. This study investigated the nematicidal activity of pyroligneous liquor on J2 of Meloidogyne spp. and the effectiveness of pyroligneous and its powder in controlling root-knot nematode diseases. Method] Nematicidal activity of pyroligneous for J2 of Meloidogyne spp. with dipping method was determined at various dilution ratios. Results of the laboratory study were used in the design of treatments in green house and field trials. Result] The pyroligneous liquor at various dilution ratios had nematicidal activity on the J2 of 4 common Meloidogyne spp.. Nematicidal activity of pyroligenous liquor decreased as dilution ratio increased. Mortalities of J2 of four common root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne hapla, M. arcnaria, M. incognita and M. javanica were 76.3%, 78.4%, 77.9% and 72.2%, respectively, at 72 hours after treatment with pyroligneous solution at 1:150 dilution ratio. Results from field studies indicated that pyrogenenous liquor and its powder were effective at controlling megranate root-knot nematode disease, with efficiencies of 63.9% and 50.5%, respectively. Pyroligneous liquor and its powder also had control efficiency on tomato root-knot nematode disease, in Xundian County were 54.1% and 28.6% respectively, and in Gejiu were 27.8% and 19.6%, respectively. Conclusion] These results show that pyroligneous liquor has nematicidal activity on J2 of Meloidogyne spp. and control efficiency on megranate and tomato root-knot nematode diseases. The pyroligneous liquor is a kind of effective resource with expioitative prospect and potential application value in the field of root-knot nematode diseases control.