我国春小麦品种籽粒硬度等位变异的STS检测

籽粒硬度是重要的小麦品质性状。采用单籽粒硬度仪(SKCS)和STS标记对春麦区主要推广品种和品系55份进行了籽粒硬度和Puroindoline等位变异类型检测,结果表明,全国春麦品种61.8%为硬质类型,混合和软质品种频率较低,分别为25.5%和12.7%,SKCS硬度指数分布范围为11～84。共检测到6种Puroindoline基因类型,其中Pinb-D1b 分布范围最广,出现在29个品种(系)中;Pina-D1b有2份,Pinb-D1a为7份,Pinb-D1c、Pinb-D1d和Pinb-D1e分别为1、13和3份。Pinb-D1a(野生型)硬度低于突变型,差异达1%显著水平,Pinb-D1b和Pina-D1d无显著性差异。

Detection of Allelic Variation for Grain Hardness in Chinese Spring Wheat by STS Marker

Endosperm hardness is an important characteristics for processing quality in common wheat. In total, 55 cultivars and lines from Chinese spring wheat regions were examined by Single Kernel Characterization System (SKCS) for the distribution of grain hardness and STS for puroindolines hardness mutations (alleles). The result showed that 61.8% of the cultivars belong to hard type, and the percentage of mixed and soft cultivars were 25.5% and 12.7%, respectively. Grain hardness obtained from SKCS ranged from 11 to 84. Of six puroindoline hardness alleles revealed by STS, Pinb-D1b is presented in 29 cultivars from all five Chinese spring wheat regions. Two cultivars possessed Pina-D1b allele. Seven cultivars and lines possessed Pinb-D1a allele, Whereas the number of cultivars conferring Pinb-D1c, Pinb-D1d and Pinb-D1e were 1, 13 and 3, respectively. Grain hardness increased from Pinb-D1a to Pinb-D1b or Pina-D1b allele, significant at 1% probability level.