主要农作物钾吸收转运基因及其进化关系分析

 【目的】发掘主要农作物的钾吸收转运相关基因，并分析其进化关系。【方法】利用比较基因组学研究手段，在GenBank、EMBL、DDBJ和PDB数据库中进行搜索，并对其同源性进行分析。【结果】在小麦、大麦、玉米、烟草等作物中，发现了具有编码序列（cds）全长的44个与K+吸收转运相关的基因。其中，在大麦、玉米、葡萄、蚕豆及烟草中发现的属于HAK/KUP/KT家族的基因8个；在大麦、小麦、玉米、马铃薯、番茄及烟草等作物中，发现属于AKT家族的基因27个；在大麦与小麦中发现属于HKT家族的基因4个；在大麦、烟草与马铃薯中发现属于KCO家族的基因4个；只有1个属于KEA家族的基因，是在玉米中发现的。在本研究中，首次确定玉米基因组计划中克隆得到的ZM_BFb0024K15、ZM_BFc0028P03属于HAK/KUP/KT家族，而ZM_BFb0207I17则属于KEA家族。对这44个K+基因所分别进行的同源性分析结果表明，它们与代表检索基因的同源性较高，序列相似性最低为33%，最高为84%。【结论】在农作物中，存在众多的钾吸收转运相关基因。其中，大部分基因与拟南芥的相关基因有相对较高的同源性。

Identification and Phylogenetic Analysis of Potassium Transporters in Major Crops

【Objective】 The purpose of this experiment is to search all genes related to potassium absorption and transportation in major crops (except rice), and analyze their phylogenetic relationships. 【Method】 With the help of comparative genome analysis method, searching was conducted across GenBank, EMBL, DDBJ, PDB NR database. Phylogenetic analysis was implemented within the searching result. 【Result】 44 genes with complete cds related to potassium transporter families have been identified in wheat, barley, maze, tobacco etc (except rice). Among these genes, 8 from barley, maze, grape and broad bean fall into HAK/KUP/KT family, 27 from wheat, barley, maze, potato, tomato, tobacco etc into AKT family, 4 from wheat and barley into HKT family and 4 from barley, tobacco and potato into KCO family. KEA family is represented by only one gene from maize. In this research, ZM_BFb0024K15, ZM_BFc0028P03 and ZM_BFb0207I17 cloned in maize genome sequencing project were firstly identified as potassium transporters. The first two genes belong to HAK/KUP/KT family and the third to KEA family. Phylogenetic analysis showed that genes from each family are closely related to the query gene. The comparative identities are from 33% to 84%. 【Conclusion】 There are many genes related to potassium absorption and transportation in major crops (except rice), and many of them are closely related to arabidopsis potassium genes.