咪鲜胺锰盐防治油菜菌核病的潜力研究

【目的】研究比较核盘菌对咪鲜胺锰盐和其余3种杀菌剂的敏感性,探讨咪鲜胺锰盐防治油菜菌核病的潜力,筛选菌核病防治新药剂。【方法】实验室测定不同杀菌剂对核盘菌菌丝生长和菌核萌发的抑制作用及其保护作用和治疗作用,田间评价其防治油菜菌核病的潜力。【结果】核盘菌对杀菌剂咪鲜胺锰盐高度敏感,而对多菌灵、多·酮和菌核·锰锌敏感性稍差。咪鲜胺锰盐抑制核盘菌菌丝生长的抑制中浓度(EC50)为0.02mg·L-1。浓度为20mg·L-1的咪鲜胺锰盐可以延缓核盘菌菌核萌发出菌丝。浓度为0.5g·L-1咪鲜胺锰盐对菌核萌发成子囊盘百分率的抑制率达82.9%。咪鲜胺锰盐对油菜菌核病兼有保护作用和治疗作用,可以抑制核盘菌的侵染以及侵染后病斑的扩展。咪鲜胺锰盐在田间条件下对油菜菌核病的防效达88.1%。【结论】咪鲜胺锰盐是一种很有潜力的油菜菌核病防治药剂。

Potential of Prochloraz-Manganese Chloride in Controlling Sclerotinia Stem Rot of Oilseed Rape

【Objective】 Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum is a damaging disease of oilseed rape. The sensitivity of S. sclerotiorum to prochloraz-manganese chloride (PMC) and the other three fungicides, carbendazim, dimetachlone-mancozeb and carbendazim-triadimefon was tested. The aim of this study was to assess the potential of PMC in controlling SSR and to screen novel fungicides against Sclerotinia disease. 【Method】 The effects of fungicides on S. sclerotiorum hyphal growth and sclerotial germination, and their protective and therapeutic effects were determined in laboratory. Potential of fungicides in controlling SSR was tested in field. 【Result】 The pathogen was highly sensitive to PMC with the median effective concentration (EC50) to S. sclerotiorum hyphal growth at 0.02 mg?L-1, but less sensitive to carbendazim, carbendazim-triadimefon and dimetachlone-mancozeb. The results showed that myceliogenic germination of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia was delayed by 20 mg?L-1 PMC, and carpogenic germination was inhibited by PMC at 0.5 g?L-1 with the inhibition percentage at 82.9%. PMC had both protective and therapeutic effects on Sclerotinia disease. Field efficacy of PMC on S. sclerotiorum was as high as 88.1%. 【Conclusion】Prochloraz-manganese chloride is a promising fungicide in controlling Sclerotinia disease of oilseed rape.