6个玉米人工合成群体的育种潜势分析

 【目的】系统评价6个玉米人工合成群体的育种潜势，为进一步改良利用提供合理方案。【方法】采用群体性状表型鉴定、配合力测定以及SSR标记对群体进行综合分析。【结果】多数性状与季节互作不明显，群体间多数性状差异极显著。多数农艺、经济性状的GCA群体间存在显著或极显著差异，少数经济性状的SCA组合间存在显著或极显著差异。26对SSR引物在供试群体内共扩增出246个等位位点。多态性位点数、多态位点比例、基因杂合度以及遗传距离等分析表明，除群体P1外，各群体遗传重组比较充分，群体内具有较丰富的遗传变异，且群体间遗传距离大于群体内遗传距离。【结论】群体P4、P2和P7除自身遗传变异较为丰富外，主要经济性状GCA较高，优于对照高产组合出现次数较多，育种潜力较大。群体P1、P3和P5 经济性状GCA低，优于对照高产组合出现次数相对较少，需进行必要的改良。

Breeding Potential Analysis of Six Synthetic Maize Populations

Abstract: 【objective】 To provide reasonable improvement programs, we estimated Systematically breeding potential of six genetic recombination maize populations. 【Method】We carried out phenotype analysis, combining ability and SSR marker analysis in this research.【Result】Field results of the six synthetic populations observed in two seasons showed that variances were significant in the observed most traits. Analysis of the GCA showed that most agronomic and economic traits were significant variances among the six populations. The SCA of a few economic traits were significant variances. A total of 246 alleles were detected with 26 pairs of SSR primers in the six populations. Based on number of polymorphic loci , ratio of polymorphic loci and heterozygosity of alleles, all populations except P1 had relative abundant recombinations, and relative rich diversities within populations. Genetic distance analysis implied that the variance between populations were larger than that within a population. 【Conclusion】It is concluded synthetically that populations of P4,P2 and P7 have higher genetic variation, and the GCA of major economic traits were better than P1,P3 and P5, and have better utilization value in maize breeding programs.