两个切花月季品种花朵开放和衰老对乙烯的反应及其与内肽酶的关联

 以切花月季(Rosa hybrida)品种Samantha和Kardinal为试材，探讨了乙烯和乙烯作用抑制剂1-MCP处理对不同品种花朵开放和衰老以及内肽酶活性和种类的影响。结果显示，两供试品种都对外源乙烯敏感，但花朵在乙烯处理后形态上呈现不同的变化趋势。Samantha表现为乙烯处理显著促进花朵开放和衰老进程，导致花瓣脱落；而Kardinal则明显抑制花朵开放进程，出现僵花，直接衰老萎蔫。两品种在乙烯引起花瓣总可溶性蛋白含量下降和内肽酶活性的升高方面，以及1-MCP处理获得与乙烯处理相反的效果等方面呈现相同的变化趋势，但是Kardinal的变化远比Samantha剧烈。同时，乙烯处理引起花瓣丝氨酸蛋白酶所占比例的增加方面依然是Kardinal比Samantha显著。上述结果表明，本试验供试的两个切花月季品种开花和衰老对外源乙烯反应的不同可能与相应花瓣中内肽酶的变化程度有关。

Responses of Flower Opening and Senescence to Ethylene and Its Relation with Endopeptidase in Two Cultivars of Cut Rose

Cut rose (Rosa hybrida) cv. Samantha and Kardinal were used to investigate the effects of ethylene and its action inhibitor, 1-MCP, on flower opening and senescence, and the activity and types of endopeptidase in petals. The results showed that both cultivars were all sensitive to exogenous ethylene. However, remarkable different tendency of flower morphological changes was observed during and after treatment. Ethylene treatment accelerated the processes of flower opening and senescence, and caused petal abscission in Samantha, while it inhibited flower opening severely, and resulted in bull flower and even wilting directly in Kardinal. Much more dramatic changes were obtained in the petals of Kardinal than in Samantha, although the same tendency was shown in both cultivars regarding that ethylene treatment caused the decline of total soluble protein content and an increase of endopeptidase activity, and 1-MCP treatment had the absolutely opposite effect with ethylene. In addition, more quick and dramatic changes of serine-proteases proportion caused by ethylene, were observed in petals of Kardinal than in Samantha. The results above suggest that the different responses of flower opening and senescence to exogenous ethylene might be related to the changes of endopeptidase activity in petals caused by ethylene treatment in the two cultivars.