基于水稻内含子长度多态性开发禾本科扩增共有序列遗传标记

 通过在多态位点两侧的保守编码序列上设计引物，可以开发出在不同物种间通用的基于PCR的分子标记，称为扩增共有序列遗传标记（ACGM）。【目的】探讨利用已公布的水稻籼、粳两亚种的基因组序列开发禾本科ACGM的可行性。【方法】根据水稻两亚种间的内含子长度多态性，开发了38对ACGM引物。用这些引物对玉米、粟、大麦、小麦、竹子、旱稗草和大米草6个属共12个不同材料进行PCR实验。【结果】几乎所有引物都可在至少1种材料中扩增出特异条带，而1/3以上的引物可以在全部供试材料中获得特异扩增产物。在每一种供试材料中，平均大约有2/3的引物可以成功扩增出目的条带。这些引物在各属内不同种、亚种或品种（系）之间的多态性比例在24.1%～90.3%之间，平均为44.6%。【结论】利用水稻基因组序列信息开发禾本科通用型ACGM是可行的。

Development of Amplified Consensus Genetic Markers in Gramineae Based on Rice Intron Length Polymorphisms

By designing primers in the conservative coding sequences flanking a polymorphic site, it is possible to exploit a PCR-based marker called amplified consensus genetic marker (ACGM), which is transferable among different species.【Objective】The purpose of this study was to investigate the feasibility of developing ACGMs in Gramineae using the published genomic sequences of indica and japonica rice.【Method】Based on the intron length polymorphisms between the two rice subspecies, 38 pairs of ACGM primers were developed. Twelve accessions representing 6 grass genus including Oryza, Zea, Setaria, Triticum, Phyllostachys, Echinochloa crusgalli Beauv and Spartina anglica were used to verify the candidate ACGM markers.【Result】Almost all primers could acquire specifically amplified products in at least one accession. More than 1/3 primers could obtain specifically amplified products in all accessions. For each accession, about 2/3 primers on average could obtain specifically amplified products. The proportion of polymorphisms between species or subspecies within genus was 24.1%-90.3%, with an average of 44.6%.【Conclusion】These results showed that developing ACGM in Gramineae using rice genome data is feasible.