GIS支持下的河南省烟草生态适宜性综合评价

 【目的】根据河南省烟草生产的实际情况，利用GIS技术及层次分析法和模糊数学原理，对河南省各烟草种植区进行烤烟生态适宜性综合评价。【方法】用特尔菲法进行各生态因子评价指标的选择，从气候、土壤、地形条件3个方面确定了17个评价指标，建立了河南省烟草生态适宜性评价指标体系;根据各生态因子对烤烟生长与品质效应建立各隶属度函数，并将层次分析法运用于各指标权重的定量计算。采用地理信息系统软件MAPGIS绘制河南省烟草种植区烤烟生态适宜性综合评价状况图。【结果】河南省西部和南部大部分地区为烤烟生产最适宜区，占研究区总面积的22.52%;南部、中部的部分地区为适宜区，占研究区总面积的34.99%;北部和东部的大部分地区为次适宜区，这部分面积占研究区总面积的35.54%。【结论】层次分析法和多因素模糊综合评价方法与GIS技术有效的整合，可以快速准确地对河南省烤烟的生态适宜性进行科学的综合评价。河南省大部分地区的烤烟生态适宜性都在中等程度以上,计算出的适宜性分布区域与实际生产水平完全吻合。

Studies on Comprehensive Evaluation of Tobacco Ecological Suitability of Henan Province Supported by GIS

【Objective】 The growth of tobacco is sensitive to environment conditions. The tobacco production is strictly restricted by regional cultivated land. Based on the principal of hiberarchy analysis and fuzzy mathematics and the technique of GIS, the comprehensive evaluation of tobacco ecology suitability were studied according to the actual circumstances of the whole Henan tobacco planting regions. 【Method】 The evaluation index system of tobacco ecology suitability of Henan tobacco planting regions was established by choosing 17 evaluation indexes from 3 respects of climate, soil and landform with Delphi method. Furthermore, the membership function was set up according to the effects of each ecology factors on the growth and quality of tobacco suitability. And the AHP was used to determine the weight of indexes by using quantitative analysis. Then the tobacco ecology suitability map of Henan tobacco plantation was drawn with GIS software mapGIS. 【Result】 It is found that the most areas of the western and southern parts of Henan province is the highly suitable regions, accounting for 22.52% of Henan tobacco planting areas. It is because that there are medium air temperature, sunshine and rainfall, medium soil pH value and high contents of soil organic matter in the regions. Moveover, the topography is hill and massif and the height above sea level is between 150-800 m there .Some areas of the southern and middle parts of Henan province is the suitable ones, accounting for 34.99% of Henan tobacco planting areas. It is because that there are enough rainfall, medium air temperature, high contents of available N and available K in the soil in this regions. There are less suitable regions in the northern and eastern parts of the investigated regions because of drought, too high pH value and Cl- in the soil and irrigation water, accounting for 35.54% of the whole areas. 【Conclusion】It can be conducted rapidly and correctly by combining AHP and membership function for comprehensive evaluation of tobacco ecological suitability supported by GIS. For most of tobacco planting fields in Henan province, and practical tobacco productivity can be identified completely.