微型月季品种分类的花粉形态学

 【目的】明晰微型月季花粉形态特征与其品种分类关系。【方法】利用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜观察10个微型月季品种花粉形态特征，并根据花粉形状、瘤状纹饰密度、网眼密度和条纹密度等性状对不同微型月季品种进行聚类分析。【结果】（1）微型月季花粉具有3个萌发孔，极面观为三裂圆形;花粉外壁纹饰为瘤状雕纹、网眼、条纹的不同组合，不同品种外壁纹饰差异较大;根据极轴/赤道轴值（P/E值），微型月季花粉可分为长球形和超长球形。（2）聚类结果表明，在相似系数为0.37时，可分为3组：第1组包括‘白柯斯特’、‘粉柯斯特’、‘紫微星’和‘罗曼蒂克’，特点是花粉外壁纹饰的条纹、网眼均密集;第2组包括‘金太阳’、‘小女孩’、‘矮仙女’、‘草裙舞女’和‘冬梅’，特点是花粉外壁纹饰的条纹密集，具瘤状雕纹，无网眼或较少;第3组为 ‘红云拉’，特点是花粉外壁纹饰的条纹和网眼较少。（3）结合不同微型月季品种外部形态指标的比较分析表明，孢粉学分类结果与形态学分类结果相似，但并不完全一致。【结论】不同微型月季品种花粉形状、萌发沟等特征近似，外壁纹饰差异较大，孢粉学分析结果可作为其品种分类依据，且分类结果总体支持形态学分类结果。

Classification of Rosa hybrida var. minima Cultivars by Pollen Morphology

【Objective】 Pollen-morphological characteristics and relationship between pollen morphological characteristics and classification of Rosa hybrida var. minima cultivars were examined. 【Method】 Pollens of 10 miniature rose cultivars were examined by LM (Light Microscopy ) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The cluster analysis was carried out based on the observation results. 【Result】 The pollen grains were tricalporate and 3-lobed circular in polar view. Different cultivars showed different exine sculpture and fringes，luminas and verrucate. The pollen shapes were spheroidal or super-spheroidal by P/E (Polar axis length / Equatorial axis length) criteria. The result of cluster analysis indicated that the cultivars could be classified into three groups when similarity coefficient was 0.37. The first group included White Koster, Pink Koster, Purple Ministar, Romantic and their pollen exine sculpture was of dense fringes and dense luminas. The second group included Gold Sun, Maddy, Dwarf Fairy, Hula Girl, Winter Plum and their pollen exine showed dense fringes, rare or bare luminas and verrucate sculpture. The third group included Red Cloud and its pollen exine showed rare and fringes rare luminas sculpture. Compared the palynological classification result with morphological classification result, it was found that they were similar and with little differences. 【Conclusion】 Different Rosa hybrida var. minima cultivars show a different exine sculpture. Palynological analysis could be used in the classification of Rosa hybrida var. minima cultivars and the result is supportive to the result of morphological classification.