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醇溶蛋白电泳在小麦种质资源遗传分析中的应用
引用本文:张学勇,杨欣明.醇溶蛋白电泳在小麦种质资源遗传分析中的应用[J].中国农业科学,1995,28(4):25-34.
作者姓名:张学勇  杨欣明
作者单位:中国农业科学院作物品种资源研究所,北京 100081
摘    要: 用酸性聚丙稀酰胺凝胶电泳(A-PAGE)对我国评选出的18个优质小麦品种种子醇溶蛋白进行电泳分析,结果表明:(1)醇溶蛋白带谱严格受基因型控制,不同品种之间存在着显著差异,姊妹系之间也有明显差异;(2)在18个优质品种中,共有17种不同带谱,6个品种在血缘上可能密切相关,但各有自己的特征带,有两个品种即PH82-2-2和小偃6号,带谱完全相同。另外,对38份本室收集的有明确收集地点的节节麦分析表明:(1)节节麦醇溶蛋白的多态性与收集地密切相关,中东国家材料的多态性明显高于前苏联材料,而后者的多态性又明显高于新疆及中原收集的材料;(2)河南和陕西不同地区(县)收集的7份Ae.tauschii实际为同一材料,它们的带谱完全相同;(3)在前苏联的材料中找到了与我国中原材料带谱相似的材料,而在中东收集的材料中找到了前苏联材料的带谱。这些结果与物种起源中心学说是完全相符的。因此,麦醇溶蛋白酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术,作为资源鉴定的 有效手段,有可能用于解决收集资源材料的重复问题,提高小麦种质资源保存和利用的效率;同时,可以用它来研究一些物种的起源和演化。

关 键 词:优质小麦  节节麦  种子醇溶蛋白  电泳

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF WHEAT GERMPLASM BY ACID POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OF GLIADINS
Zhang Xueyong,Yang Xinming,Dong Yushen.GENETIC ANALYSIS OF WHEAT GERMPLASM BY ACID POLYACRYLAMIDE GEL ELECTROPHORESIS OF GLIADINS[J].Scientia Agricultura Sinica,1995,28(4):25-34.
Authors:Zhang Xueyong  Yang Xinming  Dong Yushen
Abstract:Gliadin analysis of eighteen high quality varieties chosen in China by acid polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(A-PAGE)resulted in the following conclusions:(1)Pattern of gliadin was character of genotype.It had prominent intervariety difference,Difference also existed among sister lines;(2)In the eighteen cultivars,gliadin patterns of six cultivars were similar to each other,which indicated that they may be closely related to genetics.Gliadin pattern of PH83-2-2 was the same as that of Xiaoyan No.6.Gliadin patterns of thirty-eight accessions of Aegilops tauschii which had definite sites of collection produced the following conclusions:(1)Gliadin ploymorphism of Ae.tauschii is closely related to collection sites,that is Middle East>Former USSR>Xinjiang>middle plain of China(2)All seven accessions of Ae.tauschii collected from five areas of Henan and Yanglin of Shaanxi have the same A-PAGE pattern of gliadins,which means that the seven minght be of the same germplasm.Gliadin spectra of one collection from Former USSR was found in collections from Middle East. These conclusions are consistent with the theory of distribution center of wild species.Therefore,A-PAGE pattern of gliadins can be used to find duplication of the same or similar materials to increase efficiency of conservation and utilization of crop germplasm resources.It can also be used to study origin,systematics and evolution of some Triticeae species.
Keywords:High quality wheat variety  Aegilops tauschii  Gliadin  A-PAGE  
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