徐淮白山羊瘤胃细菌和原虫的类群结构研究

 【目的】研究以稻草为主的日粮条件下徐淮白山羊瘤胃细菌和原虫的类群结构。【方法】以4只安装瘤胃瘘管的徐淮山羊为试验动物,PCR扩增瘤胃细菌16S rDNA序列,利用分子克隆与测序分析、细胞计数等技术,解析瘤胃细菌和原虫群体的类群组成。【结果】获得的细菌克隆基本归为两簇：与瘤胃球菌R.bromii YE282相似性为95%的XHGR1、与瘤胃R-7菌相似性为98%的XHGR3,XHGR2位于另立的R. flavefaciens簇。瘤胃球菌属细菌占细菌克隆总数的比例较高（33.33%）,原虫生物量略低于细菌,占瘤胃生物总量的44.83%。群体主要有内毛属、双毛亚科、前毛属、头毛属和等毛科等原虫,其中内毛属原虫比例最高为74.25%。【结论】以稻草为主的日粮条件下,徐淮白山羊瘤胃中细菌和原虫生物量相近,瘤胃球菌属细菌和内毛属原虫分别是瘤胃细菌和原虫区系的优势类群。

Study on Bacterial and Protozoal Community Structure of Xuhuai White Goat Rumen

【Objective】 The objectives of this paper were to investigate microbial population in the rumen of Xuhuai white goat, including bacteria and protozoa. 【Method】 Four Xuhuai white goats fitted with rumen cannula were used to provide rumen liquor. 16S rDNA amplified by PCR, and the techniques of cloning and sequence analysis, were applied in this work to interpret the bacterial community structure, as well as the method of cell-counting for protozoal group. 【Result】 The results showed that, rumen bacteria could be divided into two main clusters, which were R. bromii, and R-7, while XHGR2 belonged to another cluster of R. flavefaciens. Ruminococcus had a big size in bacterial population, which accounting for 33.33% against total clones. Rumen protozoa were up to 44.83% of rumen total biomass, a little lower than bacteria in the proportion. There were several protozoal genera, such as Entodinium, Diplodinium, Epidinium, Ophryoscolex, and Isotrichidae, were detected in the rumen. Entodinium was more density than the others, and accounting for 74.25% of the total population. 【Conclusion】 All in all, the biomass of protozoa was close to that of bacteria, in the rumen of Xuhuai white goat. Ruminococcus sp. and Entodinium sp. were the majority groups in the rumen, for the groups of bacteria and protozoa, respectively.