24个优质蛋白玉米自交系与中国温带玉米四大优势群代表自交系的配合力和杂种优势群研究

 【目的】研究QPM种质与中国温带种质之间的杂种优势关系并划分杂种优势群。【方法】采用NCⅡ设计对24个热带、亚热带优质蛋白玉米（QPM）自交系和4个温带普通玉米优良自交系配制96个杂交组合，在云南省3种不同生态环境下对这些杂交组合进行农艺性状和产量配合力分析，评价群体的应用价值和利用潜力，再根据产量特殊配合力效应和系谱追踪划分杂种优势群。【结果】自交系YML761、CML171、CML172、中系096/o2、YML411、YML024和YML042产量一般配合力较高。产量SCA效应较高的组合有YML401×黄早四、CML172×Mo17、YML761×掖478、长709/o2×Mo17、H152×丹340、中系096/o2×掖478和YML872×Mo17。【结论】自交系YML761、CML171、CML172、中系096/o2、YML411、YML024和YML042在生产中有较大的利用价值。YML411、YML042、CA307、YML065和YML401归入Lancaster群；CML165、CML166、YML761、中系096/o2、长631/o2、YML011、YML872归入旅大红骨群；CML171、CML161、CML172、齐205、CA10139、YML330、8129归入四平头群，CML163、CML170、H152、长709/o2和YML024归入Reid群。本研究结果与系谱分析及前人的研究基本一致。

Studies on Combining Ability and Heterotic Grouping of 24 Quality Protein Maize Inbreds and Four Temperate Representative Inbreds of Chinese Major Heterotic Groups

24 quality protein maize (QPM) inbreds were crossed with 4 temperate normal elite maize inbreds, which represents 4 major heterotic groups in China, by NCⅡ mating design in the study. The 96 crosses were evaluated in three different environments in Yunnan province for grain yield. The objective of this study was to determine combining ability between quality protein maize inbreds and temperate normal maize inbreds. The results indicated that a high yield general combining ability(GCA)of the inbred lines YML761, CML171, CML172, Zhongxi096/o2, YML411, YML024 and YML042 have been observed and these inbred lines will be predominant lines in maize breeding and commercial production in China. 24 Inbred lines were classified four heterotic group , i.e. Lancaster (YML411, YML042, CA307, YML065 and YML401), Ludahonggu(CML165, CML166, YML761, Zhongxi096/o2, Chang631/o2, YML011 and YML872), Tangsipingtou(CML171, CML161, CML172, Qi205, CA10139, YML330, 8129) and Reid (CML163, CML170, H152, Chang709/o2 and YML024).