梨园芳香植物间作区节肢动物群落多样性时序特征

目的]探讨间作不同种类的芳香植物对梨园节肢动物群落多样性时序特征的影响.方法]设置罗勒、孔雀草、薄荷间作区、自然生草区和清耕区(对照),对节肢动物群落、害虫亚群落和天敌亚群落的组成、物种丰富度,多样性指数、均匀度和优势度指数的时序变化特征进行测试与分析.结果]梨园间作芳香植物条件下,随着梨树年周期生长发育进程,梨园节肢动物群落个体数和物种丰富度呈现快速升高→相对稳定→缓慢降低的变化趋势;群落多样性指数呈现快速上升→下降→上升→相对稳定→缓慢下降的变化趋势;均匀度指数呈缓慢下降→急剧下降→迅速升高→相对稳定→缓慢上升的变化趋势;优势度指数呈缓慢上升→急剧下降→迅速升高→相对稳定→缓慢上升的变化趋势.这些变化趋势在不同芳香植物间作区表现不同,处理间差异主要发生在梨树幼果期和果实膨大期.梨园害虫亚群落和天敌亚群落的上述多样性参数在梨树不同发育时期表现出不同的时序变化特征,天敌亚群落多样性特征相对于害虫亚群落呈现跟随性的时序变化;各芳香植物间作处理区较对照在梨树幼果期和果实膨大期显著抑制害虫亚群落的物种数量,提高天敌亚群落的物种数量.结论]梨园间作罗勒、孔雀草、薄荷改变害虫亚群落和天敌亚群落组成的基础上,同时对梨园节肢动物群落、害虫亚群落和天敌亚群落的多样性时序特征产生明显的影响.

The Dynamic Response of Arthropod Community Diversity to the Treatments of Intercropping Aromatic Plants in Pear Orchard

Objective This paper was aimed to discuss the effects of intercropping aromatic plants on the dynamic response of arthropod community diversity in pear orchard.Method By indagating species and quantity of arthropod of 5 experimental treatments,including intercropping Ocimum basilicum plot,Tagetes patula L.plot,Saturela hortensis L.plot were selected as experimental treatments,natural grass plot and clean tillage plot were selected as control,the dynamic response of arthropod community diversity in the diffe...