利用结构基因座分析中国蒙古羊系统内部分不同生态型绵羊品种遗传分化关系及距离隔离机制

 【目的】探讨蒙古羊系统内部分品种间的遗传分化关系，揭示蒙古羊系统内主要不同生态型地方绵羊品种形成的地理距离隔离机制。【方法】以中国蒙古羊系统内5个地方绵羊品种，湖羊、同羊、小尾寒羊、滩羊和洼地绵羊为研究对象，以多座位电泳法检测5个地方绵羊品种的20个结构基因座（包括Al、Gc、Tf、Cp、Alp、Ary-Es、Lap、Hb-α、Hb-β、Xp、CA、Dia-I、Dia-Ⅱ、MDH、GPI、EsD、α2-M、Cat、Ly和Ke）的变异。【结果】5个绵羊群体间的系统发生关系不满足距离隔离模式，绵羊群体间的遗传分化关系的远近与其地理分布并未表现出紧密的线性相关。【结论】5个绵羊品种分别起源于不同时期的蒙古羊始祖群体，同时在品种间存在一定程度的基因交流，并在各自特有的生态环境中经历不同程度的自然选择和人为选择培育而成。

Analysis on Genetic Diversity and Isolation Mechanism by Distance of Some Different Ecological Type Sheep Breeds in Mongolia Group Using Structural Loci

【Objective】 The objective of this study was to discuss the genetic differnation and the isolation mechanism by distance of some different ecological type sheep breeds in Mongolia Group. 【Method】 Five populations including Hu sheep, Tong sheep, small-tailed Han sheep, Tan sheep and Wadi sheep were determined electrophoetically and iondensitometrically the constitution of allele frequencies at twenty blood protein and no-protein loci (Al, Gc, Tf, Cp, Alp, Ary-Es, Lap, Hb-α, Hb-β, Xp, CA, Dia-I, Dia-Ⅱ, MDH, GPI, EsD,α2-M, Cat, Ly and Ke ); 【Result】 The phylogenetic relationships of five sheep populations in this study did not meet the mechanism of isolation by distance , and the genetic differentiation relationships among 5 sheep populations were not closely linearly correlative with their geography distribution; 【Conclusion】 The findings supported the related records in literature,the five populations originated on different time stage from the primogenitor population and communicated genetically with each other thereafter in the process of natural and artificial selection and on different ecological environment.