玫瑰SRAP遗传多样性分析与品种指纹图谱构建

 【目的】从分子水平分析玫瑰的遗传多样性和亲缘关系，并建立起玫瑰品种的指纹图谱，为杂交育种、品种分类和品种鉴定提供理论依据。【方法】采用相关序列扩增多态性（SRAP）技术对玫瑰46个品种和4份野生种质进行了遗传多样性分析和品种指纹图谱的构建。【结果】15对引物共扩增出264个位点，其中227个为多态性位点，多态性比率为85.98%，说明玫瑰的遗传多样性较为丰富。50份材料的遗传相似系数（GS）为0.6012~0.9852，平均值为0.7835；平均Nei’s遗传多样性指数(H)为0.2665,平均Shannon信息指数（I）为0.4033；4份野生玫瑰种质的H=0.1225,I=0.1787，显著低于栽培品种的H=0.2684,I=0.4059，说明玫瑰品种的遗传多样性更为丰富。【结论】根据聚类结果，玫瑰品种类型的划分应首先考虑亲本来源，再按株型、花型划分。利用三对核心引物，构建了玫瑰品种的标准指纹图谱，为品种鉴定提供了依据。

Analysis of Genetic Diversity and Construction of Fingerprint of Rosa rugosa by SRAP

【Objective】The genetic diversity and relationship of Rosa rugosa were studied at the level of molecular, and the fingerprint was also established .This can give the cross breeding, classification and the identification some guidance. 【Method】Sequence related amplified polymorphism（SRAP）was conducted to assess the genetic diversity of 46 cultivars and 4 wild germplasms of Rosa rugosa and establish the fingerprint of the cultivars.【Results】15 primer pairs produced 264 loci of which 227 were polymorphic. The percentage of polymorphic loci was 85.98%, showed that Rosa rugosa had abundant diversity. The Nei’s genetic similarity coefficient (GS) ranged from 0.6012 to 0.9852 with an average of 0.7835; the average Nei’s genetic diversity (H) was 0.2665 and the Shannon’s information index(I) was 0.4033 in 50 germplasms , the 4 wild germplasms’ H=0.1225 and I= 0.1787, it was largely lower than the cultivars (H=0.2684, I=0.4059). The result showed that the genetic diversity of cultivars was more abundant. 【Conclusion】Based on the result of cluster analysis，the species origin should be considered firstly in the classification of Rose rugosa, then the plant type and the flower type. Three primer pairs were selected to establish the fingerprint of Rosa rugosa , which can be used in the identification.