中国枣属植物亲缘关系的SRAP分析

 【目的】从分子水平研究中国枣属植物的系统发育，探讨枣属属下种间及种下分类单元间的亲缘关系，为自然的中国枣属植物分类系统的建立提供新的分子证据，同时为中国枣种质资源的保护和利用提供科学依据。【方法】利用SRAP标记方法对原产中国的枣属全部14个种、11个枣品种和1个外类群的基因组DNA进行分析。【结果】筛选出的19对SRAP引物组合对26份供试材料共扩增出580条DNA带，其中570条为多态带（占98.28%），平均每个引物扩增多态性带30条。26份材料间的遗传相似系数变化范围为0.22～0.99。UPGMA聚类表明，26份材料在相似系数0.38处被划分为6个类群。【结论】SRAP标记技术能很好地用于枣属植物亲缘关系的研究，枣和酸枣应该作为1个种处理，可进一步分为2个亚种，给予新学名为原亚种枣Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp. jujuba;亚种酸枣Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp. spinosa（Bunge）J.Y. Peng，X.Y.Li et L.Li;蜀枣、山枣和大果枣应该起源于一个较近的共同祖先，蜀枣和山枣应该归并为1个种，合并后以山枣学名为准;原亚种枣下不宜设变种。

Analysis on the Genetic Relationships of Chinese Ziziphus with SRAP Markers

【Objective】 The phylogeny and genetic relationships of Chinese Ziziphus’s germplasm resources were studied at molecular levels for providing new molecular evidences of classification, protection and utilization of germplasm resources of Ziziphus. 【Method】 The sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) was assessed to analyze the genetic relationships among 14 species of Ziziphus, 11 cultivars of Z. jujuba Mill. and one outgroup. 【Result】 A total of 580 DNA bands were amplified by 19 selective primers, 570 of which (98.28%) were polymorphic. The average number of polymorphic DNA bands amplified by each primer was 30. The genetic similarities of 26 materials ranged at 0.22 to 0.99. UPGMA method cluster analysis showed that 26 materials were classified into six cluster groups with the genetic similarity of 0.38. 【Conclusion】 The results showed that SRAP technique is efficient in studying genetic relationships among Ziziphus. Z. jujuba Mill. and Z. acidojujuba C. Y. Cheng et M. J. Liu should be treated as a species, and further infraspecific classification of Z. jujuba Mill. should be classified into two subspecies. The scientific names of new taxa (Chinese jujube and wild jujube) were Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp. jujuba and Ziziphus jujuba Mill. subsp. spinosa (Bunge) J.Y. Peng, X.Y. Li et L.Li respectively. Z. xiangchengensis Y. L.Chen et P. K.Chou, Z. montana W.W. Smith and Z. mairei Dode may originate from same ancestry Z. xiangchengensis Y. L. Chen et P. K. Chou and Z. montana W.W. Smith should be treated as a species. The infraspecific taxon of Z. jujuba Mill. is not suitable to set up varieties.