我国小麦品种的Rht1、Rht2矮秆基因鉴定及分布研究

 利用赤霉酸不敏感性作为矮秆基因的遗传标记，通过系谱分析和基因等位性测验，认定了我国76个优良矮秆小麦品种或材料的赤霉酸不敏感矮秆基因。主要结果如下：（1）在所认定的76个品种中，Rht1基因型的16个，占21%；Rht2基因型的55个，占72%；Rht1+Rht2基因型的5个，占7%。表明我国优良矮秆小麦遗传资源中，Rht2基因型占绝对优势，Rht1基因型次之，Rht1+Rht2基因型较少。（2）Rht1基因型遗传资源主要分布在河南、陕西和河北等省；Rht2基因型遗传资源以山东最多，河北、河南和北京次之，其它省较少。（3）Rht2基因在生产上的累计推广面积为Rht1的2倍；Rht1基因在生产上的累计推广面积以河南最多，安徽、江苏和陕西次之，其它省较少；Rht2基因以山东累计推广面积最大，河南次之，江苏也有较大面积，其它省较少。但它们的利用与育种密切相关。因此，Rht1和Rht2在我国的利用可能没有特殊的地域性。

Identification and Distribution of Rht1 and Rht2 Dwarf Genes in Chinese Elite Dwarf Wheat Varieties

Identification of Rht1 and Rht2 dwarf genes was made in 76 Chinese elite dwarf wheat varieties using GA 3 insensitivity based pedigree analysis and allelism test. The results showed:(1)In the 76 varieties tested,Rht1,Rht2 and Rht1 Rht2 carrier varieties accounted for 22%,71% and 7% respectively, indicating that Rht2 is predominant over Rht1 or Rht1 Rht2 in Chinese elite dwarf wheat collection.(2) Rht1 genetic resources are mainly distributed in provinces of Henan, Shaanxi and Hebei, while Rht2 are mostly found in Shandong Province, followed by Hebei,Henan Provinces and Beijing district. (3)The accumulative growing acreages of Rht2 carrier varierties are two times that of Rht1 carrier varieties, with Rht1 being most extensively planted in Henan, followed by Anhui,Jiangsu and Shaanxi Provinces and Rht2 in Shandong,followed by Henan and Jiangsu Provinces and less in other provinces.Since their utilization is strongly associated with breeding activities,it is possible that no specific growing areas are required by Rht1 and Rht2 in China.