转基因植物食品中标记基因的安全性评价

标记基因是筛选转基因植物的有效方法。目前转基因植物已广泛进行了田间试验，有些已被批准商业化应用。鉴于几乎所有转基因植物中都含有标记基因，且同一标记基因已转入不同的作物中，因此今后人们消费的食品中标记基因及其产物的含量将增大，其安全性引起了普遍关注。国际机构如FAO、WHO、OECD、以及美国的FDA、北欧部长委员会等都在研究和制订条例，我国尚未将遗传工程体（GMO）食品安全性的评价提到议事日程上。有鉴于此，本文试图重点以北欧部长委员会的出版物（1996）为兰本，结合国际机构的咨询研讨结论,就植物食品中标记基因的安全性评价作一综述，以供读者参考。

Safety Evaluation of Marker Genes in Transgenic Food Plants

Marker genes are effectively used for selection of transgenic plants. Transgenic plants have been extensively field tested, and some have been released for commercial production. Since marker genes are existed in almost all transgenic plants and the same or different marker genes are already transferred to many food crops, the amount of marker genes and their products in human diet will be increasing that leads to the public concern. International organizations such as FAO, WHO, OECD, FDA in USA, and Nordic Council of Ministers have paid great attention to this issue and many monographs, reports relevant to it have been published. The safety assessment of foods derived from genetically modified organisms (GMOs) has not been extensively considered in China. Therefore, it may be important and useful to have a review in this respect. This article describes the safety evaluation of marker genes in transgenic food plants according to the published data by the international organizations, and the Nordic Council of Ministry in particular.