小麦纹枯病和白粉病双抗抗源的初步鉴定

“七五”和“八五”期间,进行了大量的小麦常规品种(系)之间,以及与近缘物种的杂交工作,从某些杂种后代中,筛选出几百份抗白粉病优良选系。为了创造兼抗纹枯病和白粉病的双抗抗源,于1997 年春整理部分优良选系、地方品种和国外引进品种(系),共182 份小麦材料进行的纹枯病抗性和白粉病抗性鉴定,对部分抗性材料于当年秋在温室接种情况下继续进行抗性鉴定。初步鉴定结果表明:有27 份材料与对照材料相比纹枯病病情指数较低,显示了较强的抗(耐)纹枯病能力;其中有16 份材料表现出兼抗纹枯病和白粉病。另外,对部分小麦的近缘物种的初步鉴定发现球茎大麦、多花黑麦草和黑麦等对白粉病和纹枯病有很强的抗性。

SCREENING SOURCES WITH RESISTANCE TO SHARP EYESPOT AND POWDERY MILDEW

During the last two five year plan periods, hundreds of lines with resistance to powdery mildew had been obtained from the progenies of hybrids between common wheat varieties, or between common wheat and its related species. In recent yesrs, sharp eyespot, like powdery mildew,has become another major disease baving heavy effect on wheat production. In order to identify source resisting to both disease, some above lines, with some domestic and oversea wheat varieties, total 182 wheat materials were arranged for evaluation of their resistance to sharp eyespot and powdery mildew in artificial disease bed, and some resistant lines were identified again in greenhouse. The results showed that 27 materials were founded to have a better resistance or tolerance to sharp eyespot compared to control materials, 16 of which also had immunity or high resistance to powdery mildew. In this study, bulbosum, rye and other two related species of wheat, have also been tested showing resistance to the two diseases.